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When did Navarre become a kingdom?
When was Navarre founded?
Who ruled Navarre?
When did Navarre become independent?
The medieval state took form around the city of Pamplona during the first centuries of the Iberian Reconquista. The kingdom had its origins in the conflict in the buffer region between the Carolingian Empire and the Ummayad Emirate of Córdoba that controlled most of the Iberian Peninsula.
The French portion of Navarre, on the northern slope of the western Pyrenees, remained a separate kingdom until 1589, when it was incorporated into France. Spanish Navarre retained its status, institutions, and law as an independent kingdom until the 19th century.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
There's quite a bit of debate as to where the first Basques came from, but by the 700s when Navarre first started out as the Kingdom of Pamplona, the region was comprised of Basques, Moors, and Basque-Moors, the results of Basque-Moor intermarriage and conversion to Islam after the Basque kings agreed to subordination under the Caliphates.
It became an independent kingdom in the 9th century. A succession of French dynasties ruled Navarre after 1234. Incorporated into Castile in 1515, it was united to the French crown when Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France in 1589.
A pocket kingdom, Navarre was founded no later than AD 737 as a Frankish march county up alongside the western Pyrenees. It was isolated from early contact with the Islamic invaders, especially after the Umyadd governor of Pamplona was kicked out around 740, and was less involved with the Reconquista than other states.
The Kingdom of Navarre, originally the Kingdom of Pamplona, was a Basque kingdom that occupied lands on both sides of the western Pyrenees, with its northernmost areas originally reaching the Atlantic Ocean, between present-day Spain and France.
In 1512, Navarre was invaded by Ferdinand the Catholic's troops, with Queen Catherine and King John III withdrawing to the north of the Pyrenees, and establishing a Kingdom of Navarre-Béarn, led by Queen Joan III as of 1555.
