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It was the capital of the Austrian Empire from 1804 to 1867, and of the Cisleithanian part of Austria-Hungary from 1867 to 1918, and subsequently became the capital of Austria. Until the beginning of the 20th century, Vienna was the largest German-speaking city in the world.
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Mar 27, 2024 · Vienna, city and federal state, the capital of Austria. Of the country’s nine states, Vienna is the smallest in area but the largest in population. From 1558 to 1918 it was an imperial city—until 1806 the seat of the Holy Roman Empire and then the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe [c] between 1867 and 1918. Austria-Hungary was a military and diplomatic alliance of two sovereign states with a single monarch who was titled both emperor of Austria and King of Hungary. [7] .
Austria. Hungary. Austria-Hungary, the Habsburg empire from the constitutional Compromise (Ausgleich) of 1867 between Austria and Hungary until the empire’s collapse in 1918. A brief treatment of the history of Austria-Hungary follows. For full treatment, see Austria: Austria-Hungary, 1867–1918. Francis II.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Beginnings and Early Middle Ages
- Babenberg Rule
- Habsburg Rule
- The First Republic
- Austrofascism
- Annexation by Nazi Germany and Second World War
- The Second Republic
- See Also
- Further Reading
- External Links
The name Vindobona derives from a Celtic language, suggesting that the region must have been inhabited before Roman times. The Romans created a military camp (occupied by Legio X Gemina) during the 1st century on the site of the city centre of present-day Vienna. The settlement was raised to the status of a municipium in 212. Even today, the street...
In 976, the Margraviate of Ostarrîchi was given to the Babenbergfamily. Vienna lay at its border with Hungary. Vienna was an important site of trade as early as the 11th century. In the Exchange of Mautern between the Bishop of Passau and Margrave Leopold IV, Vienna is mentioned as a Civitas for the first time, which indicates the existence of a we...
In 1278, Rudolf I took control over the Austrian lands after his victory over Ottokar II of Bohemia and began to establish Habsburg rule. In Vienna, it took a relatively long time for the Habsburgs to establish their control, because partisans of Ottokar remained strong for a long time. There were several uprisings against Albert I. The family of t...
The end of the war was also the end of Austria-Hungary. On November 12, 1918, the Republic of Deutsch-Österreich, or German-Austria, was proclaimed in front of the parliament. The population was concentrated in the capital, which was often called a hydrocephalus because of this;[citation needed]articles in the international press had doubts about t...
The fire of the Justizpalast (Palace of Justice) in 1927 after violent demonstrations, the collapse of the Creditanstalt, the largest bank of the country, and finally the dissolution of parliament in 1933, marked the way to the Civil War in February 1934. After Engelbert Dollfuß, who had been Chancellor of Austria and foreign minister since 1932, h...
In March 1938 Nazi Germany occupied and annexed Austria in a process known as the Anschluss. Adolf Hitler was rapturously received in Vienna by large crowds of admirers and famously gave a speech at Heldenplatz in which he welcomed his homeland into the Reich. Hitler's anti-Jewish policies fell on fertile soil in Vienna, where latent anti-Semitism ...
Allied occupation
Only a few days after the war, a provisional city government and administration was created. Also, the political parties were recreated. On April 29, 1945, the parliament building passed from the occupation force to the new Austrian government, and Karl Renner announced the reinstitution of the democratic Republic of Austria. Vienna was divided into five occupation zones between the Soviet Union, the United States, the UK, France, and with the first district (city centre) being patrolled by a...
Modern history since independence
On May 15, 1955, the country regained its political independence and sovereignty with the "Austrian State Treaty". The Austrian Parliament immediately amended the treaty to establish Austria's future neutrality and non-alignment (similar to that of Switzerland). This peace treaty was called a state treaty because Austria had temporarily ceased to exist in 1938. After the war, as everywhere in Western Europe, there was an enormous economic boom, among other things because of the economic aid r...
Baranello, Micaela. The Operetta Empire: Music Theater in Early Twentieth-Century Vienna(U of California Press, 2021).Beller, Steven. Vienna and the Jews 1867-1938: A Cultural History(Cambridge, 1989).Bowman, William D. Priest and Parish in Vienna, 1780 to 1880(2000).Boyer, John W. Culture and Political Crisis in Vienna: Christian Socialism in Power, 1897-1918(U of Chicago Press, 1995).Media related to History of Viennaat Wikimedia Commons 1. Geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at - Vienna History Wikioperated by the city of Vienna
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Mar 18, 2024 · Visiting Vienna. Austria-Hungary. It’s 1867 and time for another formal name change for the Habsburg realms. Say goodbye (sort of) to the Austrian Empire and say hello to Austria-Hungary. But how did this happen? And why? Reboot gave Hungary more autonomy. But Austria retained control over defence, foreign policy and similar.
Development of Vienna as the capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire to the capital of the Republic, Separation Act (1921)
