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- Canterbury was settled in the 1850s by colonists from England. The settlement was planned and developed by the Canterbury Company. Parts of upper Canterbiry, known as the Mackenzie Country, is named after 1850s sheep rustler James Mackenzie.
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The history of the Canterbury Region of the South Island of New Zealand dates back to settlement by Māori people in about the 14th century.
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It was formed from part of New Munster Province and covered the middle part of the South Island, stretching from the east coast to the west coast.
At its heart lies Christchurch, with a settled charm and lively cultural scene that was disrupted in 2010 and 2011, when the region experienced a swarm of earthquakes that redefined its physical and cultural landscape. Story by John Wilson. Main image: Canterbury farmland and mountains.
From 1850, they sent out different classes of people – from rich landowners, to farmers, to shepherds and servants. The settlers had set up large sheep farms on the plains and in the hill country. Some farmers became rich exporting wool and meat (known as ‘Canterbury lamb’).
Canterbury of New Zealand was established in 1904 by three English immigrants, John Lane, Pringle Walker and Alfred Rudkin. The company began producing garments in Canterbury, New Zealand. Canterbury then began making uniforms for the New Zealand and Australian armies during the First World War.
The Canterbury Province of 1853 ran from the Waitaki to the Hurunui rivers, and from the east to west coasts. The region now known as Westland, on the West Coast, became a separate province in 1873, and the area around the port town of Timaru sought (unsuccessfully) to separate as South Canterbury.
Canterbury was first settled by Māori 600–700 years ago. They lived mainly beside the productive wetlands near the coast, and around Te Waihora (Lake Ellesmere) and Wairewa (Lake Forsyth) – renowned eel and flounder fisheries.
