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Having established the position of his corps on three of the nine hills overlooking Nördlingen, Bernhard broke off the fight to rest his troops. The Swedish troops under Horn were having great difficulty hauling their artillery along the narrow path through the Arnsberg.
While Johan Banér and Hans von Arnim invaded Bohemia, Gustav Horn tried to block the Spanish by investing Überlingen, and Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar sought to consolidate his position in Franconia by taking Kronach.
- Imperial-Spanish victory
- 6 September 1634 (N.S.)
Battle of Nördlingen, (Sept. 5–6, 1634), battle fought near Nördlingen in southern Germany. A crushing victory for the Habsburgs in the Thirty Years’ War, it ended Swedish domination in southern Germany, and it led France to become an active participant in the war.
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In 1637, hard pressed by the enemy’s armies and almost surrounded, he made a strategic retreat into northern Germany that provoked the contemporary comment that “the enemy had put him in the sack but had forgotten to tie it.”
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
But the Swedes were forced to fight the combined Austrian and Spanish forces at the Battle of Nördlingen (Swabian part of Bavaria) in early September 1634, resulting in a crushing defeat that would end the Swedish phase of the war. In 1638 Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, erected a golden statue of the Virgin Mary in Munich to celebrate the ...
- 1630–1635
- Peace of Prague, Most of Sweden's German allies making peace with the Emperor, End of the civil war phase of the Thirty Years' War, Direct French intervention against the Emperor and Spain
- Throughout the Holy Roman Empire
This success largely reversed many of the effects of their defeat at Nördlingen, albeit not without creating some tensions between Banér and Leslie. After the battle of Wittstock, the Swedish army regained the initiative in the German campaign.
Johan Banér (yōō´hän bänâr´), 1596–1641, Swedish field marshal in the Thirty Years War. He served (1626–29) in Poland and Russia and accompanied (1630) Gustavus II of Sweden to Germany. At Gustavus's death (1632) and the major Swedish defeat at Nördlingen, he became the chief Swedish general in Germany.
