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May 23, 2024 · Definition. cDNA (short for copy DNA; also called complementary DNA) is synthetic DNA that has been transcribed from a specific mRNA through a reaction using the enzyme reverse transcriptase. While DNA is composed of both coding and non-coding sequences, cDNA contains only coding sequences. Scientists often synthesize and use cDNA as a tool in ...
May 23, 2024 · Definition. Genetic code refers to the instructions contained in a gene that tell a cell how to make a specific protein. Each gene’s code uses the four nucleotide bases of DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) — in various ways to spell out three-letter “codons” that specify which amino acid is needed at each ...
1 day ago · Definition. A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection. Germline mutations (that occur in eggs and sperm) can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations (that occur in body cells) are not passed on.
May 10, 2024 · DNA. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a self-replicating molecule in the shape of a double helix that contains the genetic code for organisms. DNA is present in nearly all cells of living beings and contains information for their development, functioning, growth, and reproduction. It is hereditary, continually passed down from parent to child ...
2 days ago · RNA consists of ribose nucleotides (nitrogenous bases appended to a ribose sugar) attached by phosphodiester bonds, forming strands of varying lengths. The nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil, which replaces thymine in DNA. The ribose sugar of RNA is a cyclical structure consisting of five carbons and one oxygen.
May 23, 2024 · Definition. Intergenic regions are the stretches of DNA located between genes. In humans, intergenic regions are non-protein-coding and comprise a large majority of the genome. Some intergenic DNA is known to regulate the expression of nearby genes.
May 3, 2024 · Genes contain the information, or "code", needed so your body can make the many proteins it needs to function. A genetic mutation is an alteration in the genetic code found in DNA. A mutation ...
