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How did Vietnamese write?
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Texts in Vietnam were written using chữ Hán by the 10th century at the latest. Chữ Hán continued to be used as the official administrative script until the 19th century with the exception of two brief periods under the Hồ (1400–1407) and Tây Sơn (1778–1802) dynasties when chữ Nôm was promoted.
Current and past writing systems for Vietnamese in the Vietnamese alphabet and in chữ Hán Nôm. Chữ Hán were introduced to Vietnam during the thousand year period of Chinese rule from 111 BC to 939 AD. Texts in Vietnam were written using chữ Hán by the 10th century at the latest.
Quoc-ngu, writing system used for the Vietnamese language. Quoc-ngu was devised in the mid 17th century by Portuguese missionaries who modified the Roman alphabet with accents and signs to suit the particular consonants, vowels, and tones of Vietnamese.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Romanization of the Vietnamese writing system began in the seventeenth century when Catholic missionaries needed to transcribe scriptures for their new converts.
Even after Vietnam declared its independence in 939, chữ Nho was the common written language in official papers until the beginning of the twentieth century. Chữ Nho is still used today in calligraphic banners for traditional occasions such as festivals, funerals, Lunar New Year ( Tết ), and weddings.
Vietnamese literature, body of literature produced by Vietnamese-speaking people, primarily in Vietnam. Like the river basins that have nourished Vietnam’s agricultural civilization for thousands of years, Vietnamese literature has been fed by two great tributaries: the indigenous oral literature.
May 13, 2024 · Vietnamese language, official language of Vietnam, spoken in the early 21st century by more than 70 million people. It belongs to the Viet-Muong subbranch of the Vietic branch of the Mon-Khmer family, which is itself a part of the Austroasiatic stock.
