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The Thirteen Colonies were a group of British colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America during the 17th and 18th centuries. Grievances against the imperial government led the 13 colonies to begin uniting in 1774, and expelling British officials by 1775.
- English Colonial Expansion
- The Tobacco Colonies
- The New England Colonies
- The Middle Colonies
- The Southern Colonies
- The Revolutionary War and The Treaty of Paris
- 13 Colonies Flag
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Sixteenth-century England was a tumultuous place. Because they could make more money from selling wool than from selling food, many of the nation’s landowners were converting farmers’ fields into pastures for sheep. This led to a food shortage; at the same time, many agricultural workers lost their jobs. The 16th century was also the age of mercant...
In 1606, King James I divided the Atlantic seaboard in two, giving the southern half to the London Company (later the VirginiaCompany) and the northern half to the Plymouth Company. The first English settlement in North America had actually been established some 20 years before, in 1587, when a group of colonists (91 men, 17 women and nine children...
The first English emigrants to what would become the New England colonies were a small group of Puritan separatists, later called the Pilgrims, who arrived in Plymouth in 1620 to found Plymouth Colony. Ten years later, a wealthy syndicate known as the Massachusetts Bay Company sent a much larger (and more liberal) group of Puritans to establish ano...
In 1664, King Charles II gave the territory between New England and Virginia, much of which was already occupied by Dutch traders and landowners called patroons, to his brother James, the Duke of York. The English soon absorbed Dutch New Netherland and renamed it New York. Most of the Dutch people (as well as the Belgian Flemings and Walloons, Fren...
By contrast, the Carolina colony, a territory that stretched south from Virginia to Florida and west to the Pacific Ocean, was much less cosmopolitan. In its northern half, hardscrabble farmers eked out a living. In its southern half, planters presided over vast estates that produced corn, lumber, beef and pork, and–starting in the 1690s–rice. Thes...
In 1700, there were about 250,000 European settlers and enslaved Africans in North America’s English colonies. By 1775, on the eve of revolution, there were an estimated 2.5 million. The colonists did not have much in common, but they were able to band together and fight for their independence. The American Revolutionary War (1775-1783) was sparked...
During the Revolutionary War, a flag featuring thirteen alternating red and white stripes and thirteen five-pointed stars arranged in a circle was adopted. This variant is also known as the "Betsy RossFlag," as she was believed to have designed it. The stars and stripes represent the 13 colonies.
Learn about the 13 original colonies that became the United States, their origins, economies and roles in the American Revolution. Explore a map of the colonies and discover their diverse cultures, religions and challenges.
- Virginia. Virginia was the first permanent English settlement in America. The colonists who established Jamestown on May 13, 1607, named Virginia in honor of Elizabeth I (1533–1603), the “Virgin Queen” of England.
- Massachusetts. Religious persecution drove a group of English Puritans , who wished to separate from the Church of England, to the New World. These Pilgrims were blown off course in their ship, the Mayflower , and landed on Cape Cod in 1620.
- New Hampshire. The first English settlement in New Hampshire was established along the Piscataqua River in 1623. At this time New Hampshire was considered a province of Massachusetts.
- Maryland. Unlike many other colonies, Maryland was established with an almost feudal system in which the land was considered the property of the English lord who governed it.
American colonies, the 13 British colonies that were established during the 17th and early 18th centuries in the area that is now a part of the eastern United States. The colonies grew both geographically and numerically from the time of their founding to the American Revolution (1775–81).
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- The American colonies were the British colonies that were established during the 17th and early 18th centuries in what is now a part of the eastern...
- In 1606 King James I of England granted a charter to the Virginia Company of London to colonize the American coast anywhere between parallels 34° a...
- After the French and Indian War the British government determined that the colonies should help pay for the cost of the war and the postwar garriso...
- On July 2, 1776, the Second Continental Congress, meeting in Philadelphia, “unanimously” by the votes of 12 colonies (with New York abstaining) res...
Learn about the 13 colonies that rebelled against Britain and became the United States of America. Find out their names, dates, locations, founders, and roles in the Revolutionary War.
Sep 23, 2021 · Learn about the diverse origins, cultures, economies and governments of the 13 British colonies that became the United States. Discover how each colony had its own unique history and challenges, from Connecticut's first constitution to Maryland's Catholic foundation.
Jul 14, 2019 · The American Revolution unfolded in 13 British colonies strung along the eastern coastline of North America. As provinces of the British Empire, the 13 colonies shared common heritage and similarities – but there were also notable differences in geography, climate, natural resources, population, economic production and government.
