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  2. In 1257, a catastrophic eruption occurred at Samalas, a volcano on the Indonesian island of Lombok. The event had a probable Volcanic Explosivity Index of 7, [a] making it one of the largest volcanic eruptions during the Holocene epoch. It left behind a large caldera that contains Lake Segara Anak.

  3. Oct 10, 2016 · The 1257 eruption of Mt Samalas, a part of the Rinjani volcanic complex ( Fig. 1) on Lombok Island (Indonesia), has been recognized as the “mystery eruption” 7 associated with the largest...

    • Céline M. Vidal, Nicole Métrich, Jean-Christophe Komorowski, Indyo Pratomo, Agnès Michel, Nugraha Ka...
    • 2016
  4. Jan 23, 2017 · Nature Geoscience - The climatic response to the 1257 Samalas eruption is unclear. Analyses of proxy data and medieval archives suggest that the eruption triggered some of the coldest...

    • Sébastien Guillet, Christophe Corona, Markus Stoffel, Myriam Khodri, Franck Lavigne, Pablo Ortega, N...
    • 2017
  5. We reconstruct the nature and dynamics of the caldera-forming eruption of Samalas based on a study of associated deposits, and discuss the dating and geochemical evidence that link the volcano to the mid-13th century mystery eruption.

  6. Dec 1, 2022 · The latest findings suggest that the Samalas eruption had a close connection to the climatic disruption that led to the apocalyptic plague: the Black Death (Fell et al., 2020). In the long term, the Samalas eruption in 1257 CE was one of the significant triggers that contributed to the Little Ice Age (Miller et al., 2012).

  7. Oct 2, 2013 · The reason behind the cold summer was the massive explosion of a volcano that would have thrown up as much as 10 cubic miles of rock and dust, creating a plume that would have reached as high as...

  8. Sep 30, 2013 · The mystery event in 1257 was so large its chemical signature is recorded in the ice of both the Arctic and the Antarctic. European medieval texts talk of a sudden cooling of the climate, and of...

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