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Horace Lawson Hunley (December 29, 1823 – October 15, 1863) was a Confederate marine engineer during the American Civil War. He developed early hand-powered submarines, the most famous of which was posthumously named for him, H. L. Hunley .
The Hunley was designed and built at Mobile, Alabama, and named for its chief financial backer, Horace L. Hunley. Less than 40 feet (12 metres) long, the submarine could hold up to nine crewmen, most of whom propelled the vessel by hand cranking a single screw.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Horace Lawson Hunley, the daydreamer, was successful by almost any measure. He was an attorney, a former state lawmaker, deputy chief of customs in New Orleans, and friends with some of the city’s most influential men. Hunley had made a modest amount of money, enough that he owned a small plantation and a few slaves.
"Captain Horace Lawson Hunley, designer of first successful submarine torpedo boat in naval history. B. Sumner Co., Tenn., 29 December 1823. H.L. Hunley drowned with his crew 15 October...
Horace Lawson Hunley was the most influential and resourceful of the trio of Southern inventors. A native of Tennesee, he attended the University of Lousiana. He went on to study law and was admitted to the bar in 1849. Hunley amassed considerable wealth as a sugar and cotton planter in Lafourche Parish during the 1850s.
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His name was Horace L. Hunley. Hunley was born in 1823 in Sumner, Tennessee. He would eventually walk many paths in his life: Deputy Collector of Customs in New Orleans, State Legislator for the state of Louisiana, lawyer, merchant, a successful Southern planter and most notably, submarine innovator and financier.