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1st century ce. Augustus (27 bce –14 ce) Tiberius (14–37 ce) Caligula (37–41 ce) Claudius (41–54 ce) Nero (54–68 ce) Galba (68–69 ce) Otho (January–April 69 ce) Aulus Vitellius (July–December 69 ce) Vespasian (69–79 ce) Titus (79–81 ce) Domitian (81–96 ce) Nerva (96–98 ce) 2nd century ce. Trajan (98–117 ce) Hadrian (117–138 ce)
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The story of Rome’s Emperors in the first century AD has got it all – love, murder and revenge, fear and greed, envy and pride. Their history is a rollercoaster that lurches from peace and...
- Julius Caesar. Gaius Julius Caesar was a great Roman leader at the end of the Roman Republic. Julius Caesar was born three days before the Ides of July, on July 13 in c. 100 BCE.
- Octavian (Augustus) Gaius Octavius—known as Augustus—was born on September 23, 63 BCE, to a prosperous family of knights. He was Julius Caesar's great-nephew.
- Tiberius. Tiberius, the second emperor of Rome (born 42 BCE, died 37 CE) reigned as Emperor between 14–37 CE. Tiberius was neither the first choice of Augustus nor popular with the Roman people.
- Caligula "Little Boots" Known as "Caligula" ('Little Boots'), Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus was born August 31, CE 12, died 41 CE, and ruled as emperor 37–41 CE.
The Roman Empire in the first century AD mixed sophistication with brutality and could suddenly lurch from civilization, strength and power to terror, tyranny and greed.
- Augustus, 31 BCE – 14 CE – The first Roman emperor who brought about the Pax Romana, a period of peace and prosperity in Rome. Tiberius, 14–37 CE – Known for his reclusive and often controversial rule.
- Trajan, 98–117 CE – Celebrated for his military conquests and expansion of the empire. Hadrian, 117–138 CE – Known for his extensive travels and the construction of Hadrian’s Wall in Britain.
- Caracalla, 198–217 CE – Known for granting Roman citizenship to all free people within the empire. Publius Septimius Geta, 209–211 CE – Co-emperor with Caracalla, their rivalry ended in tragedy.
- Constantius I, 305–306 CE – The father of Constantine the Great. Severus, 306–307 CE – A short-lived ruler. Maxentius, 306–312 CE – Ruled during the tumultuous period leading to the Battle of the Milvian Bridge.
So began the Roman empire and the principate of the Julio-Claudians: Augustus (r. 27 B.C.–14 A.D.), Tiberius (r. 14–37 A.D.), Gaius Germanicus, known as Caligula (r. 37–41 A.D.), Claudius (r. 41–54 A.D.), and Nero (r. 54–68 A.D.).
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“A chronological list of the emperors of ancient Rome, covering the Julio-Claudian, Flavian, Antonine, and Severan dynasties; the Gallic, Palmyrene, and Eastern Roman empires; and the Constantine period.”
