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Mar 1, 2022 · The Albert Team. Last Updated On: March 1, 2022. An Introduction to The Organic Theory. Ratzel, Friedrich Geograph. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons. The organic theory, along with the Heartland and Rimland theories, falls under political geography, otherwise known as geopolitics.
Apr 13, 2023 · His most famous theory is Ratzel's Organic Theory which claims that a nation-state is similar to an organism in that it must grow and expand to prosper and become more powerful.
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Influenced by thinkers like Charles Darwin and zoologist Ernst Heinrich Haeckel, Ratzel wrote on a variety of topics, ranging from zoology and biology to geography, cultural geography, and geostrategy. His famous essay Lebensraum (1901), for example, dealt with the topic of biogeography. Through his writings, Ratzel created a foundation for the uni...
Ratzel's writings, especially his concept of Lebensraum, were used in the development of Social Darwinism. Ratzel influenced numerous scholars in the area of geopolitics. German geostrategist, Karl Haushofer, integrated Ratzel’s ideas on the division between sea and land powers into his own theories, adopting the view that borders are largely insig...
Ratzel, Friedrich. 1869. Sein und Werden der Organischen Welt.Ratzel, Friedrich. 1876. Städte- und Culturbilder aus Nordamerika. Leipzig, F.A. Brockhaus.Ratzel, Friedrich. 1882-1891. Anthropogeographie. (3 vols.). Stuttgart: J. Engelhorn.Ratzel, Friedrich. 1897. "Studies in Political Areas II: Intellectual, Political, and Economic Effects of Large Areas" in The American Journal of Sociology. 3, 4, 449-463 (translated by Ellen C. Se...Dorpalen, Andreas. 1942. The World of General Haushofer. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, Inc.Martin, Geoffrey J. & Preston E. James. 1993. All Possible Worlds: A History of Geographical Ideas. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. ISBN 047163414XMattern, Johannes. 1942. Geopolitik: Doctrine of National Self-Sufficiency and Empire. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0404612938Wanklyn, Harriet. 1961. Friedrich Ratzel, a Biographical Memoir and Bibliography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521067324All links retrieved May 13, 2017. 1. Guy Mercier. (1995). Geography of Friedrich Ratzel and Paul Vidal de la Blache: A Comparative Analysis. Annales de géographie, 583, 211-235.
Organic Theory Summary. The Organic Theory, also known as the Theory of Lebensraum, was developed by the German geographer Friedrich Ratzel in the late 19th century. It was an influential theory that sought to explain the relationship between a nation's population, territory, and power.
Oct 30, 2018 · The above indicates that Ratzel substantially juxtaposes Spencer’s organic analogy, according to which the identification of society with a biological organism is legitimate for certain purposes, in order to find the associations among the generalizations about organisms and societies, as a first step towards a general theory of evolution.
- Alexandros Stogiannos
- astogiannos@turkmas.uoa.gr
- 2019
Specifically, Friedrich Ratzel's political philosophy and his famous "Lebensraum" notion. The paper will also show how Rudolf Kjellen's later articulation of “an organic theory of the state” was influenced by the Ratzelian Lebensraum.
The research is inspired by the numerous contradictory approaches in the secondary literature, presenting Ratzel as both humanist and racist, geo-determinist and multidimensional analyst, organicist and social scientist, precursor of Geopolitics and opponent to the same idea.
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