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Ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and amoxicillin/clavulanate
- Choosing the best antibiotic to treat Proteus Mirabilis is crucial for effective treatment and a speedy recovery. Ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and amoxicillin/clavulanate are commonly prescribed antibiotics for Proteus Mirabilis infections.
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Jun 12, 2023 · The flagella of P. mirabilis are what allow for its motility; not only does this help support colonization, but it also has been associated with its ability to form biofilms and is suggested to contribute to resistance to host defenses and certain antibiotics.[1][2][3][4]
- Radia T. Jamil, Lisa A. Foris, Jessica Snowden
- 2023/06/12
- 2019
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Choosing the best antibiotic to treat Proteus Mirabilis is crucial for effective treatment and a speedy recovery. Ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and amoxicillin/clavulanate are commonly prescribed antibiotics for Proteus Mirabilis infections.
May 9, 2024 · In patients with a confirmed or suspected P mirabilis infection, the choice of antibiotic therapy should be based on several factors, including the following 11: Patient allergies; Local community antibiotic resistance patterns;
The choice of antibiotics is based on the site and severity of the infection, as well as the susceptibility of the strain to specific antibiotics. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics may be necessary.
- Microbiology
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Manifestations
- Laboratory Diagnosis
- Pathogenesis
- Susceptibility in Vitro and in Vivo
- Antimicrobial Therapy
- Adjunctive Therapy
- Endpoints For Monitoring Therapy
- Vaccines
Proteus is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. The genus of Proteus consists of motile, aerobic and facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative rods. Proteus is a member of the tribe Proteeae, which also includes Morganella and Providencia. The genus Proteus currently consists of five named species: P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. penneri, P. myxof...
Members of the genus Proteus are widespread in the environment and are found in the human gastrointestinal tract (9). The most common infections caused by Proteus spp. are urinary tract infections (UTIs). Proteus spp. can be found to colonize the vaginal introitus prior to onset of bacteruria. Therefore, like Escherichia coli, Proteusspp. causes ur...
The clinical manifestations of infections with Proteus spp. are, in the main, non-specific. However, urinary tract infections involving struvite stones are characteristic. By producing urease, Proteusspp. can hydrolyze urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide, and therefore raise urinary pH. Alkalinization of urine promotes precipitation of magnesium-a...
The members of the genus Proteus are Gram negative, motile facultative anaerobic rods. On culture plates, Proteus species are distinguished by their ability to swarm. Proteusspp. have 2-3mm colorless, flat, colonies on MacConkey agar, whereas they swarm in waves to cover blood agar plates and LB agar plates. Proteus spp. are identified by the follo...
Proteus spp. possess several virulence factors that explain their uropathogenic potential, many of which have been investigated in a murine model of UTI (>9). They have pili or fimbriae for adherence to uroepithelium. Additionally, they elaborate cytotoxic hemolysins that lyse red cells and release iron, a bacterial growth factor. Proteusisolates p...
Proteus spp. can be naturally resistant to antibiotics, such as benzylepenicillin, oxacillin, tetracycline, and macrolides (137). Proteus spp. can acquire resistance to ampicillin through plasmid mediated beta-lactamases, and chromosomal beta-lactamase expression has now been reported (136). In the last decade there have also been numerous reports ...
General
Urinary tract infection is the most common clinical manifestation of Proteus infections. Empiric treatment for community-acquired urinary tract infection will depend more on susceptibilities of E. coli than of P. mirabilis, since E. coli is by far the more common pathogen. For hospitalized patients or those with urinary catheters, the first decision is whether the isolate is clinically significant. Isolates which are not accompanied by pyuria or symptoms do not warrant treatment. Based on the...
Underlying Diseases
The therapeutic recommendations are not different for those patients with immunosuppression.
Alternate Therapy
Serious infections in patients with life-threatening allergies to beta-lactam antibiotics could comprise aminoglycosides or possibly either quinolones or cotrimoxazole. Nitrofurantoin is not an option nor is tetracycline or the glycylcycline class.
As noted above, early surgical consultation is necessary in patients with Proteus endocarditis or post-neurosurgical meningitis. Urologic consultation should be sought in patients with recurrent Proteus urinary tract infection, especially in the presence of struvite stones (123).
Generally, standard clinical endpoints are used for determining the adequacy of therapy for Proteus infections. After initiation of therapy, a favorable response is signified by resolution of systemic and local symptoms and signs of infection. In patients with primary or secondary bacteremia, blood cultures should become negative. For urinary tract...
No vaccines are commercially available at the present time. However, P. mirabilis vaccine candidates are being identified and efficacy tested in a murine model of ascending UTI (6, 53, 74, 75, 76, 103, 126, 127).
Jun 12, 2023 · The flagella of P. mirabilis are what allow for its motility; not only does this help support colonization, but it also has been associated with its ability to form biofilms and is suggested to contribute to resistance to host defenses and certain antibiotics.
Jun 26, 2020 · While most P. mirabilis isolates were antibiotic-resistant to varying degrees, isolate P14 was MDR (resistant to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and amikacin) and formed strong biofilms.
