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Learn about the political, cultural, and artistic achievements of ancient Greece, from the Persian Wars to the fourth century B.C. Explore the sculpture, architecture, and vase painting of the Classical period, and the legacy of Greek art in the West.
- Terracotta Amphora
Obverse, young man singing and playing the kithara Reverse,...
- Youth Tying a Fillet Around His Head
Copy of a Greek bronze statue of ca. 430 B.C. by Polykleitos...
- Architecture in Ancient Greece
A third order of Greek architecture, known as the...
- Marble Grave Stele With a Family Group
Carved by a master, this grave stele is one of the most...
- Terracotta Calyx-Krater
Obverse, scene from a phlyax play. Reverse, three youths The...
- Terracotta Pyxis
The Judgement of Paris During the middle of the fifth...
- Marble Grave Stele of a Little Girl
From Paros (Museum Worsleyanum 1794, pl. 35). 1785, found on...
- Terracotta Column-Krater
Period: Classical. Date: ca. 430 BCE. Culture: Greek, Attic....
- Terracotta Amphora
- Persian Wars
- The Rise of Athens
- Athens Under Pericles
- Art and Architecture
- The Peloponnesian War
Led by Athens and Sparta, the Greek city-states were engaged in a great war with the Persian Empire at the beginning of the fifth century B.C. In 498 B.C., Greek forces sacked the Persian city of Sardis. In 490 B.C., the Persian king sent a naval expedition across the Aegean to attack Athenian troops in the Battle of Marathon. Despite a resounding ...
The defeat of the Persians marked the beginning of Athenian political, economic and cultural dominance. In 507 B.C., the Athenian nobleman Cleisthenes had overthrown the last of the autocratic tyrants and devised a new system of citizen self-governance that he called demokratia. In Cleisthenes’ democratic system, every male citizen older than 18 wa...
In the 450s, the Athenian general Periclesconsolidated his own power by using all that tribute money to serve the citizens of Athens, rich and poor. (Generals were among the only public officials in Athens who were elected, not appointed, and who could keep their jobs for more than one year.) For example, Pericles paid modest wages to jurors and me...
Pericles also used the tribute money to support Athenian artists and thinkers. For instance, he paid to rebuild the parts of Athens that the Persian Wars had destroyed. The result was the magnificent Parthenon, a new temple in honor of the goddess Athena at the Acropolis. (Pericles also oversaw the construction of the temple at Hephaestos, the Odei...
Unfortunately, none of these cultural achievements translated into political stability. Athenian imperialism had alienated its partners in the Delian League, particularly Sparta, and this conflict played out in the decades-long Peloponnesian War(431–404 B.C.). The eventual Spartan victory in the Peloponnesian War meant that Athens lost its politica...
- Missy Sullivan
- 3 min
Classical Greece 480-323 BCE. Classical Greece, also known as the Golden Age, became fundamental both to the later Roman Empire and western civilization, in philosophy, politics, literature, science, art, and architecture. The great Greek historian of the era Thucydides, called the general and populist statesman Pericles "Athens's first citizen."
The Dark Ages (c. 1100–c. 800 B.C.E.) to the Orientalizing Period (c. 700–600 B.C.E.) Following the collapse of the Mycenaean citadels of the late Bronze Age, the Greek mainland was traditionally thought to enter a “Dark Age” that lasted from c. 1100 until c. 800 B.C.E. Not only did the complex socio-cultural system of the Mycenaeans ...
- Not for sure certain, but their Greek gods were not supposed to be perfect, rigid figures. They were supposed to seem more natural, more open to th...
- Good question. This reflects differences between scholars. We have two audiences at Smarthistory, our students, and their teachers. That split date...
- We have been wanted to do something on great gods and goddesses, thank you for asking.
- they worshipped the Olympians They were (the Olympians) ~ Zeus,Hera,Poseidon,Hades, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Aphrodite,Hephastas,Dionysius, Hestia, D...
Greek art began in the Cycladic and Minoan civilization, and gave birth to Western classical art in the subsequent Geometric, Archaic and Classical periods (with further developments during the Hellenistic Period). It absorbed influences of Eastern civilizations, of Roman art and its patrons, and the new religion of Orthodox Christianity in the ...
May 17, 2010 · Ancient Greek art flourished around 450 B.C., when Athenian general Pericles used public money to support the city-state’s artists and thinkers. Pericles paid artisans to build temples and other ...
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The roots of Classical Greece lie in the Geometric period of about ca. 900 to 700 B.C., a time of dramatic transformation that led to the establishment of primary Greek institutions. The Greek city-state (polis) was formed, the Greek alphabet was developed, and new opportunities for trade and colonization were realized in cities founded along ...
