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- Aristotle made significant contributions to the natural sciences, including biology, physics, and astronomy. In biology, Aristotle classified living things into categories, and was the first to describe the concept of the food chain. He also believed that the universe was composed of five elements: earth, air, fire, water, and aether.
crunchlearning.com › aristotleAristotle – Ancient Greek Philosopher: A Comprehensive Summary
Feb 10, 2024 · But while Aristotle was a major influence on philosophy, he also impacted science. From early attempts at species classification to observing life under the sea, here are five ways Aristotle’s work paved the way for modern-day biology.
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After logic, Aristotle's contributions to biology are among his most significant. He identified 495 different animal species and classified them shrewdly. The care he showed in his collection of data, along with the insight he provided into his research, afforded his work great longevity.
Aristotle's psychology is based largely on speculation that has since been discarded based on improved understanding and technology, while his contributions to biology were grounded in skilled observations interpreted with keen insight that took centuries to surpass.
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- Learn about Aristotle’s life and his contributions to philosophy and science
Aristotle, (born 384 bce, Stagira—died 322 bce, Chalcis), ancient Greek philosopher and scientist whose thought determined the course of Western intellectual history for two millennia. He was the son of the court physician to Amyntas III, grandfather of Alexander the Great. In 367 he became a student at the Academy of Plato in Athens; he remained there for 20 years. After Plato’s death in 348/347, he returned to Macedonia, where he became tutor to the young Alexander. In 335 he founded his own school in Athens, the Lyceum. His intellectual range was vast, covering most of the sciences and many of the arts.
Aristotle worked in physics, chemistry, biology, zoology, and botany; in psychology, political theory, and ethics; in logic and metaphysics; and in history, literary theory, and rhetoric. He invented the study of formal logic, devising for it a finished system, known as syllogistic, that was considered the sum of the discipline until the 19th century; his work in zoology, both observational and theoretical, also was not surpassed until the 19th century. His ethical and political theory, especially his conception of the ethical virtues and of human flourishing (“happiness”), continue to exert influence in philosophical debate. He wrote prolifically; his major surviving works include the Organon, De Anima (“On the Soul”), Physics, Metaphysics, Nicomachean Ethics, Eudemian Ethics, Magna Moralia, Politics, Rhetoric, and Poetics, as well as other works on natural history and science.
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Notes to Aristotle’s Biology. 1. For an inspiring introduction to Aristotle the biologist written from the perspective of a practicing evolutionary developmental biologist, see Leroi 2014. 2. There are a number of other examples from natural science, including biological examples, in chapters 13-18 of book II especially.
Jun 27, 2024 · Summary. Biology and theology are interdependent theoretical sciences for Aristotle. In prominent discussions of the divine things (the stars and their unmoved movers) Aristotle appeals to the science of living things, and in prominent discussions of the nature of plants and animals Aristotle appeals to the nature of the divine.
May 14, 2021 · These works form what has been referred to by scholars in the last fifty years as the “biological corpus” of Aristotle. In them we find rich and varied discussions about anything from keenness of sight to egg laying, from parenting skills to dreaming.
