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Introduction to Psychology, Objectives, Goals Define psychology. Explain Psychology as a Science. Elucidate the characteristics of Science. Describe the nature and characteristics of behaviour. Explain ‘Pseudo-Psychology’. Identify the tasks of Psychology. 1.2 PSYCHOLOGY: ITS ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION
Two movements define the current emphasis on a more positive psychology: the humanistic approach and positive psychology. The humanistic approach or movement emerged in the middle of the 20th century and stresses a person’s capacity for personal growth, freedom of choice, and the positive qualities of people.
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Abstract: Curiosity is an aspect of intrinsic motivation that has great potential to enhance student learning. Theory and evidence describing curiosity are discussed, focusing on psychological and pedagogical literature relating to adult education.
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Jan 9, 2020 · PDF | On Jan 9, 2020, Mukhles Al-Ababneh published THE CONCEPT OF CREATIVITY: DEFINITIONS AND THEORIES | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
- 1.1 Universal Characteristics of Human Action
- SUMMARY
- 1.2.2 Situation Factors: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Incentives
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- 1.3 Motivational and Volitional Action Control
- SUMMARY
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- 1. What kind of questions does motivation psychology address?
- 2. Whataretheuniversalcharacteristicsofhumanbehavior and how are they defined?
- motivational
- 4. What is the difference between motivation and volition?
- 5. How can the development of motivation be defined, in contrast to the motivation of development?
Two universal characteristics determine the basic structure and general directionality of motivated human action: the striving for control and the organization of goal engagement and goal disen-gagement. These two characteristics of human action are so univer-sal within and indeed far beyond our species that it is hard to imagine human behavior bei...
Thetwomain,universalcharacteristicsofmotivatedbehavior arecontrolstrivingandtheorganizationofactionintophases of goal engagement and goal disengagement.
It soon becomes clear that purely person-centered, dispo-sitional approaches to the explanation of motivated behav-ior overlook some important aspects. Above all, explana-tory models based on enduring personality differences fail to accountfortheopportunitiesandconstraintsofthesituation itself. Is the world really divided into thieves and nonthieve...
A person’s motivation to pursue a certain goal is determined by situational stimuli, personal preferences, and the interac-tionofthetwo.Theresultantmotivationaltendencyisacom-positeofthevariousincentivesassociatedwiththeactivity,its outcome, and its internal (self-evaluative) and external con-sequences, each weighted according to the personal motiv...
resultant motivational tendency alone does not compel us to pursue the respective action goal. Before this can happen, the tendency resulting from the situational incentives and their personal evaluation must become an intention. ! Processesofintentionformationdeterminewhichofthemotivational tendencies that are present at any given time and that sw...
Motivational and volitional regulation of action alternate across an action cycle, thus ensuring a form of informa-tion processing that is appropriate to the functioning of each phase of action. Ideally, the transitions between the action phases are discrete and efficient. There are considerable individual differences in the ability to regulate mot...
Research on the development of motivation and research on themotivationofdevelopmentcomplementandenricheach other. Many universal developmental achievements in the motivational and volitional regulation of control behavior occur in early childhood and are closely tied to the support and guidance provided by adult caregivers. The active influ-ence t...
Motivation psychology addresses the “whys” and “hows” of activities that reflect the pursuit of a particular goal.
Striving for control: seeking and establishing behavior-event contingencies, or – to use the terminology of con-trol theory – primary control of events in the material and social environment. Organizingactionintophasesofgoalengagementandgoal disengagement: perceptions, thoughts, emotions, skills, andactivitiesarecoordinatedtofacilitateeithertheatta...
The resultant motivational tendency is influenced by per-sonalpreferences,situationalincentives,andtheirmutual interaction. It is a composite of the various situational incentives residing in the activity, its outcome, and self-and other-evaluations, each weighted according to the personal motive profile.
Motivation concerns processes of goal selection and goal setting. Volition concerns regulatory processes that deter-mine which motivational tendencies are implemented, at which opportunity, and in what manner.
Thedevelopmentofmotivationinvolvesthedevelopment of a universal set of basic motivational modules and of individual differences in motivation. The motivation of development is the active influence that individuals have on their development across their lifespan.
define encouragement as the expression of affirmation through language or other symbolic representations to instill courage, perseverance, confidence, inspiration, or hope in a person(s) within the context of addressing a chal-lenging situation or realizing a potential. I then discuss empirical findings on
1 The Science of Psychology 1 What Is Psychology? 3 The Breadth of Psychology 3 Enduring Issues 7 Psychology as Science 8 Critical Thinking: Thinking Like a Scientist 9 The Growth of Psychology as a Science 11 The “New Psychology”: A Science of the Mind 12 Redefining Psychology: The Study of Behavior 14 The Cognitive Revolution 15
