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Seit 1949 ist das Land Bremen die Freie Hansestadt Bremen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Mittelalter und Frühe Neuzeit. Nach der Gründung des Bistums Bremen entstand die heutige Stadt Bremen neben dem Bischofssitz, der Domburg, zunächst als Marktort, dann als Stadt unter der Hoheit der Bischöfe.
Bremen (Low German also: Breem or Bräm), officially the City Municipality of Bremen (German: Stadtgemeinde Bremen, IPA: [ˈʃtatɡəˌmaɪndə ˈbʁeːmən] ⓘ), is the capital of the German state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (Freie Hansestadt Bremen), a two-city-state consisting of the cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven.
- Early History
- Hanseatic League
- Struggle with The Prince-Archbishop
- The Reformation
- Thirty Years' War
- Swedish Wars
- 19th Century
- 20th Century
The marshes and moraines near Bremen have been settled since about 12,000 BC. Burial places and settlements in Bremen-Mahndorf and Bremen-Osterholz date back to the 7th century AD. Since the Renaissance, chroniclers have assumed that Fabiranum or Phabiranon on Ptolemy's Fourth Map of Europe (dating from AD 150) refers to Bremen. However, Ptolemy's ...
In 1260 Bremen joined the Hanseatic League. A trade cartel of northern European towns, the league was centred in Lübeck, a base for merchants from Saxony and Westphalia trading in the eastern Baltic. This was a source of timber, wax, amber, resins, and furs, along with rye and wheat brought down on barges from the hinterland to port markets. Of equ...
In 1350 Bremen was a city of 20,000, its trade flourishing thanks to the Hansekogge (cog ship), a unique product of its shipbuilders. Despite this, conflict with the Prince-Archbishop and other magnates in the surrounding country continued. In 1365, new taxes were levied to ransom burghers held hostage by Gerhard III, Count of Hoya, triggering a po...
Bremen, long hostile to its Prince-Archbishop and the temporal power and pretensions of the Church, readily embraced the Protestant Reformation, as it swept across Northern Germany in the late 1520s. In 1532, Bremen's burghers forcefully interrupted Catholic Mass in St Peter's cathedral, the Bremer Dom, and prompted a pastor to hold a Lutheranservi...
Soon after the beginning of the Thirty Years' War Bremen declared its neutrality. In 1623 it rejected the appeal of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands to assist it in its struggle for independence against Habsburg Spain and imperial forces. Nonetheless, Imperial troops under Albrecht von Wallenstein and those of the Catholic League headed...
Sweden did not accept that its new imperial fief of Bremen-Verden did not include Bremen itself. In 1653 its troops captured Bremerlehe, prompting the city to once again appeal to Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor. In February 1654 the emperor granted Bremen a seat and vote within the Imperial Diet for the first time, and demanded of Christina of S...
As part of his effort to enforce the Berlin Decree closing the European continent to British trade, Napoleon annexed Bremen in 1811, as capital of the Département de Bouches-du-Weser (Department of the Mouths of the Weser). In 1813, following their defeat at the Battle of Leipzig, the French withdrew. Johann Smidt, Bremen's representative at the Co...
Left-liberal city
As an international port and industrial centre, Bremen had a strong liberal and left political tradition. In the last elections to the Imperial Reichstag in January 1912, the Social Democrats (SPD)secured over half the votes, 53.4%, Left Liberals (Linksliberale) took another 41.4% and only 5.1% went to the Conservatives. Following defeat in World War I, and the chaos induced by naval and army mutinies, as well as hardships from a prolonged British blockade, Bremen was briefly governed by a re...
Under the Hitler regime
After the Reichstag Fire Decree of 27 February 1933, the new Hitler regime began arresting or forcing into hiding members of the Communist Party and the Social Democratic Party. Violence broke out in Bremen on the day before the Reichstag election of 5 March 1933, and 40 persons were arrested. That same day, the Nazi Party Kreisleiter for Bremen, Otto Bernhard[de], called for a reorganization of the Senate and the dissolution of the Bürgerschaft. In that heavily compromised national election,...
Post-War reconstruction
On 1 August 1945, the US military government appointed Wilhelm Kaisen (SPD) (Senator for social services before 1933) mayor of Bremen, a position he continued to cover through several elections until his retirement in 1965. With the initial support of the Communists and the Liberals, Kaisen worked to re-establish the pre-Hitler democratic order. To prevent Bremen's incorporation into the recently formed state of Lower Saxony(within the then British zone of occupation), he successfully took th...
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Bremen (German: [ˈbʁeːmən] ⓘ), officially the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (German: Freie Hansestadt Bremen; Low German: Free Hansestadt Bremen), is the smallest and least populous of Germany's 16 states. It is informally called Land Bremen ('State of Bremen'), although the
Mit einer Fläche von rund 400 Quadratkilometern ist die Freie Hansestadt Bremen das kleinste unter den 16 deutschen Ländern. Obwohl eigentlich ein Zwei-Städte-Land, wird es meist zu den Stadtstaaten gezählt. 1947 hatten sich die Städte Bremen und Bremerhaven zur "Freien Hansestadt Bremen" zusammengeschlossen und eine Landesverfassung gegeben, die dem späteren Grundgesetz in Vielem ähnelt.
Bremen is the smallest and least populous state in Germany. It is a city-state with an area of 404.23 km 2 (156.1 sq mi ). Bremen has a population of around 664,000 people. The official name is "Freie Hansestadt Bremen".
14. Mai 2023. Die Freie Hansestadt Bremen ist ein Land im Nordwesten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Das Land Bremen wird gemeinhin zwar als Stadtstaat bezeichnet, besteht jedoch aus den beiden Großstädten Bremen und Bremerhaven; das Land bezeichnet sich selbst auch als Zwei-Städte-Staat Bremen.
