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Jacques-Pierre Brissot (born January 15, 1754, Chartres, France—died October 31, 1793, Paris) was a leader of the Girondins (often called Brissotins), a moderate bourgeois faction that opposed the radical-democratic Jacobins during the French Revolution.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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Jacques Pierre Brissot (French pronunciation: [ʒak pjɛʁ bʁiso], 15 January 1754 – 31 October 1793), also known as Brissot de Warville was a French journalist, abolitionist, and revolutionary leading the faction of Girondins (initially called Brissotins) at the National Convention in Paris.
- Early Life
- Pre-Revolutionary Journalism
- Abolitionism
- American Travels, &Patriote Français
- Leader of The 'War Party'
- The Gironde vs The Mountain
- Downfall & Execution
Brissot was born on 15 January 1754 in Chartres, France, and was baptized with the name Jacques-Pierre the following day; his name is sometimes erroneously recorded as Jean-Pierre, a mistake that can be traced back to a 1793 attack pamphlet written by Camille Desmoulins. He was the 13th child in a family of 17, the son of an innkeeper. From an earl...
On 17 September 1782, Brissot quietly married Félicité Dupont, a governess in the household of the Duke of Orléans. They kept their marriage a secret to avoid Félicité's association with Brissot's radicalism. Shortly thereafter, the couple moved to London. While living there, Brissot became acquainted with philosophers and writers such as Joseph Pr...
During his second time in London, Brissot became acquainted with Thomas Clarkson, a prominent English abolitionist who sought an end to the slave trade in the British Empire. Clarkson invited Brissot to attend a meeting of the English Abolitionist Society, which made Brissot consider the impact colonialism and slavery had on his native France. In t...
In June 1788, after building a reputation as an anti-slavery lobbyist, Brissot journeyed to the United States. Landing in Boston, he marveled at the "simplicity, goodness, and dignity of men which is the possession of those who realize their liberty" (Schama, 583). Brissot visited American abolitionists but also sought audiences with prominent memb...
Two months after the massacre, the National Constituent Assembly finally adopted a constitution, and France became a constitutional monarchy. Brissot was one of the 745 men elected to the new government, the Legislative Assembly. By now, he was a well-known and popular figure, and quickly became one of the most influential voices in this new assemb...
The declaration of war only exacerbated the hatred between the Girondins and the Mountain, a rivalry that would lead into the dark days of the Terror. Initial French defeats in the War of the First Coalition (1792-1797) saw a Prussian army begin to advance toward Paris; fear of attack radicalized many Parisians, leading to such hysterical slaughter...
Around this time, the war had again turned against France. The Battle of Neerwinden on 18 March 1793 had seen a decisive French defeat, leading the Austrians to reclaim Belgium. Only weeks later, Girondin-aligned French General Charles-François Dumouriez defected to the Austrian side. April and May saw increased attacks on Girondins by radical Moun...
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Jul 25, 2012 · The career of Jacques-Pierre Brissot (1754–1793) featured two phases, separated dramatically by the Revolution of 1789.
- James Burns
- 2012
Mar 4, 2022 · Those members deemed a threat to the Revolution and proscribed were all individuals associated with Jacques-Pierre Brissot, the symbolic head of the Girondins. With these members removed from the Convention, the Montagnards, the opposing faction, reigned triumphantly.
Jacques-Pierre Brissot was born in 1754 to a prosperous restaurant keeper in Chartres, and he was only thirty-nine at the time of his execu-tion, having in his short life accomplished a great deal, including the publication of thousands of pages on a variety of important topics. As a young man, Brissot added to his name "de Warville," a ...
