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Mikrofauna. Mikrofauna ( Yunani Kuno mikros "kecil" + Latin fauna "hewan") merujuk pada hewan kecil dan hanya dapat dilihat dengan bantuan mikroskop, seperti protozoa, nematoda, arthropoda kecil, dll. Terdapat komponen lain mikrobiota, seperti fungi dan bakteri.
Fungi. Aspergillus, sejenis conidiophore. Fungi atau Kulat adalah kerajaan dari sekelompok besar makhluk hidup eukariotik heterotrof yang mencerna makanannya di luar tubuh lalu menyerap molekul nutrisi ke dalam sel-selnya. Para ilmuwan kerap menggunakan istilah cendawan sebagai sinonim bagi Fungi.
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What are microfungi & micromycetes?
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Microfungi or micromycetes are fungi — eukaryotic organisms such as molds, mildews and rusts —which have microscopic spore -producing structures. [1] They exhibit tube tip-growth and have cell walls composed of chitin, a polymer of N -acetylglucosamine.
Summary. Microfungi is a term used to refer to groups of fungi that form microscopic reproductive structures. The chytrids are early diverging lineages of fungi that have swimming spores with a single flagellum. These lineages are primarily aquatic, but some have evolved to live terrestrially.
- History of Classification
- Phylogenetic Distribution
- Characteristics
- Ecology
The word "protozoa" (singular protozoon) was coined in 1818 by zoologist Georg August Goldfuss (=Goldfuß), as the Greek equivalent of the German Urthiere, meaning "primitive, or original animals" (ur- 'proto-' + Thier 'animal'). Goldfuss created Protozoa as a class containing what he believed to be the simplest animals. Originally, the group includ...
Protistans are distributed across all major groups of eukaryotes, including those that contain multicellular algae, green plants, animals, and fungi. If photosynthetic and fungal protistans are distinguished from protozoa, they appear as shown in the phylogenetic tree of eukaryotic groups. The Metamonada are hard to place, being sister possibly to ...
Reproduction
Reproduction in Protozoa can be sexual or asexual. Most Protozoa reproduce asexually through binary fission. Many parasitic Protozoa reproduce both asexually and sexually. However, sexual reproduction is rare among free-living protozoa and it usually occurs when food is scarce or the environment changes drastically. Both isogamy and anisogamyoccur in Protozoa, anisogamy being the more common form of sexual reproduction.
Size
Protozoans, as traditionally defined, range in size from as little as 1 micrometre to several millimetres, or more. Among the largest are the deep-sea–dwelling xenophyophores, single-celled foraminifera whose shells can reach 20 cm in diameter.
Habitat
Free-living protozoa are common and often abundant in fresh, brackish and salt water, as well as other moist environments, such as soils and mosses. Some species thrive in extreme environments such as hot springs and hypersaline lakes and lagoons. All protozoa require a moist habitat; however, some can survive for long periods of time in dry environments, by forming resting cyststhat enable them to remain dormant until conditions improve.
Free-living
Free-living protozoa are found in almost all ecosystems that contain free water, permanently or temporarily. They have a critical role in the mobilization of nutrients in ecosystems. Within the microbial food web they include the most important bacterivores. In part, they facilitate the transfer of bacterial and algal production to successive trophic levels, but also they solubilize the nutrients within microbial biomass, allowing stimulation of microbial growth. As consumers, protozoa prey u...
Parasitism
Many protozoan pathogens are human parasites, causing serious diseases such as malaria, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis, and sleeping sickness. Some of these protozoa have two-phase life cycles, alternating between proliferative stages (e.g., trophozoites) and resting cysts, enabling them to survive harsh conditions.
Commensalism
A wide range of protozoa live commensally in the rumens of ruminant animals, such as cattle and sheep. These include flagellates, such as Trichomonas, and ciliated protozoa, such as Isotricha and Entodinium.The ciliate subclass Astomatia is composed entirely of mouthless symbionts adapted for life in the guts of annelid worms.
Aug 11, 2022 · KOMPAS.com – Jamur umumnya berukuran mikroskopis dan makroskopis. Reproduksinya dapat terjadi secara seksual atau aseksual. Dalam biologi, jamur dikenal sebagai fungi. Ilmu yang mempelajarinya dinamakan mikologi. Berasal dari bahasa Yunani mykes (jamur) dan logos (ilmu).
Mikrobiologi (serapan dari Belanda: microbiologie) adalah sebuah cabang dari ilmu biologi yang mempelajari mikroorganisme. Objek kajiannya biasanya adalah semua makhluk (hidup) yang perlu dilihat dengan mikroskop, khususnya bakteri, fungi, alga mikroskopik, protozoa, dan Archaea.
