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Political history of Finland. This article deals with the political history of Finland from prehistoric times, through the Swedish rule (c.1200-1808), to the Russian rule ( Grand Duchy of Finland, 1809-1917) and the time of independent Finland (1917-).
The politics of Finland take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democracy. Finland is a republic whose head of state is President Alexander Stubb, who leads the nation's foreign policy and is the supreme commander of the Finnish Defence Forces.
Throughout the Cold War era, Finland skillfully maintained a neutral political position, but in 1995 it became a full member of the European Union, and in the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 it applied for membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
3 days ago · Throughout the Cold War era, Finland skillfully maintained a neutral political position, although a 1948 treaty with the Soviet Union (terminated 1991) required Finland to repel any attack on the Soviet Union carried out through Finnish territory by Germany or any of its allies.
Following the defeat of the Provisional Government in the Bolshevik led October Revolution of November 1917, Finland's political class was divided on how to approach independence. The right wanted to seek recognition for independence from the West, while the left wanted to first be recognized by the new Bolshevik government.
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This article deals with the political history of Finland from prehistoric times, through the Swedish rule (c.1200-1808), to the Russian rule and the time of independent Finland (1917-). In this context, Finland broadly refers to the geographical area in which the current Finnish state is located.
A view of Helsinki from the late 19th century, by Oscar Kleineh (1846–1919). Finland’s highest governing body was the Senate, whose members were Finns. Matters pertaining to Finland were presented to the Emperor in St Petersburg by the Finnish Minister Secretary of State.
