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Jun 5, 2023 · A tibial shaft stress fracture is an overuse injury where normal or abnormal bone is subjected to repetitive stress, resulting in microfractures. Diagnosis can often be made on radiographs alone but MRI studies should be obtained in patients with normal radiographs with a high degree of suspicion for stress fracture.
Jul 31, 2023 · Stress fractures of the tibia, metatarsals, and fibula are the most frequently reported sites. Medial tibial stress syndrome, also known as shin splints, is the most common form of early stress injury.
- John Kiel, Kimberly Kaiser
- 2023/07/31
- 2019
Nov 29, 2023 · This topic review will discuss stress fractures of the tibia and fibula in adults and children. A detailed overview of stress fractures and discussions of other lower extremity stress fractures are found separately.
- Terminology
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Presentation
- Pathology
- Radiographic Features
- Treatment and Prognosis
- Differential Diagnosis
- Practical Points
A pathological fracture, although a type of insufficiency fracture, is a term in general reserved for fractures occurring at the site of a focal bony abnormality. Some authors use the term stress fracture synonymously with fatigue fracture, and thus some caution with the term is suggested.
Fatigue fractures are common in athletes, especially runners and military recruits. Insufficiency fractures occur more in women and older people 7,8. The following conditions increase the risk of a stress injury 8: 1. female sex 2. low bone density 3. nutritional disorders or deficiencies 4. 'female athlete triad' 5. long-distance running 6. inappr...
Stress fractures normally present with worsening pain with a history of minimal or no trauma. In the lower (weight-bearing) limb, there is often a history of a recent increase of physical activity or significant alteration in the type or duration of normal athletic activity.
A stress fracture is the final stage of a stress injury and occurs if the bone fails to withstand a repetitive, cumulative loading force and is no longer capable to mitigate that loading stress with its own healing capabilities and breaks 7. 1. fatigue fracture: abnormal stresses on normal bone 2. insufficiency fracture: normal stresses on abnormal...
Plain radiographs have poor sensitivity (15-35%) in early-stage injuries, which increases in late-stage injuries (30-70%), due to possible callus formation. MRI is the most sensitive modality for diagnosis of a stress fracture and is an important tool to distinguish high and low-risk fractures to help clinicians with management plans and a sensitiv...
The site of the stress fracture and suitability for rehabilitation determines treatment. Fractures at low-risk sites are managed conservatively with analgesia, ice, reduced weight-bearing and modification of activities until pain resolves. At high-risk sites or in patients where long-term rehabilitation is detrimental to their livelihood (i.e. athl...
soft tissue bruise: has edema at the injury site, but little marrow abnormalityin addition to the risk stratification by location, any displacement or proximal femur fractures with a fracture line >50% of the width of the femoral neck should also be considered high-risk 6calcaneal stress fractures are typically parallel to posterior cortexMar 27, 2015 · Low risk stress fractures generally respond to conservative treatment. Assessment of low and high risk stress fractures should not only include history and physical evaluation, but also imaging to identify classification and determine treatment and rehabilitation parameters.
- Leamor Kahanov, Lindsey E Eberman, Kenneth E Games, Mitch Wasik
- 2015
Jan 1, 2011 · The most common locations for stress fractures are the tibia (23.6 percent), tarsal navicular (17.6 percent), metatarsal (16.2 percent), fibula (15.5 percent), femur (6.6 percent), pelvis (1.6 ...
Jul 10, 2023 · A stress fracture occurs when the adaptive ability of the bone is unbalanced. Normal bone is constantly being remodeled by osteoclasts absorbing and osteoblasts laying down new bone. During military training, for instance, the body cannot adapt fast enough, so the bone develops microfractures.
