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The Tiberian vocalization, Tiberian pointing, or Tiberian niqqud (Hebrew: הַנִּקּוּד הַטְבֶרְיָנִי hannīqqūḏ haṭṭəḇeryānī) is a system of diacritics devised by the Masoretes of Tiberias to add to the consonantal text of the Hebrew Bible to produce the Masoretic Text.
The Leningrad Codex ( Latin: Codex Leningradensis [ Leningrad Book]; Hebrew: כתב יד לנינגרד) is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the Masoretic Text and Tiberian vocalization. According to its colophon, it was made in Cairo in AD 1008 (or possibly 1009).
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In Hebrew orthography, niqqud or nikud (Hebrew: נִקּוּד, Modern: nikúd, Tiberian: niqqūḏ, "dotting, pointing" or Hebrew: נְקֻדּוֹת, Modern: nekudót, Tiberian: nəquddōṯ, "dots") is a system of diacritical signs used to represent vowels or distinguish between alternative pronunciations of letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
The vocalization and accents were no longer direct representations of the way in which the biblical text was recited and they became fossilized written components of the text. Since the Tiberian oral tradition of reading did not survive down to modern times, the letters, vocalization and accent signs are symbols that require interpretation.
- Geoffrey Khan
- 2020
Feb 20, 2020 · Printed Editions. Winner of the 2021 Frank Moore Cross Book Award for best book related to the history and/or religion of the ancient Near East and Eastern Mediterranean. This book is part of a 2-volume set. The other volume in the set is: The Tiberian Pronunciation Tradition of Biblical Hebrew, Volume 2. The form of Biblical Hebrew that is ...
- Geoffrey Khan
- February 20, 2020
Feb 28, 2024 · Tiberian vocalization. The Tiberian vocalization, Tiberian pointing, or Tiberian niqqud ( Hebrew: הַנִּקּוּד הַטְבֶרְיָנִיhannīqqūḏ haṭṭəḇeryānī) is a system of diacritics ( niqqud ) devised by the Masoretes of Tiberias to add to the consonantal text of the Hebrew Bible to produce the Masoretic Text. [1]
The standard Tiberian vocalization continued to be transmitted in manuscripts produced in later centuries after the cessation of the Tiberian Masoretic school. These include the so-called Codex Leningradensis (St. Petersburg National Library of Russia I Firkovitch B19a), which was copied in the 11th century, and forms the basis of modern ...
