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t. e. The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, [a] known from 1948 to 1960 as the Czechoslovak Republic [b], Fourth Czechoslovak Republic, or simply Czechoslovakia, was the Czechoslovak state from 1948 until 1989, when the country was under communist rule, and was regarded as a satellite state in the Soviet sphere of interest. [3]
- Becky Little
- Vladimir Lenin (1922-1924) Vladimir Lenin was the founder of the Russian Communist Party and the first Soviet head of state. Following the February Revolution that ousted the Russian monarchy and ended the Russian Empire in 1917, Lenin helped lead the October Revolution (or Bolshevik Revolution) that established a new Soviet government.
- Joseph Stalin (1924-1953) Joseph Stalin (at left) seated with U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. During World War II, the three leaders formed an uneasy alliance.
- Georgy Malenkov (1953-1953) The first to take control of the Soviet Union was Stalin’s heir apparent Georgy Malenkov, who had helped facilitate Stalin’s purges in the 1930s.
- Nikita Khrushchev (1953-1964) Nikita Khrushchev became first secretary of the Soviet Union’s Communist Party and, in 1958, its premier. His rule was characterized by his attempts at de-Stalinization and improving the Soviet Union’s international relationships.
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Despite being the de jure head of the party, he was initially forced to govern the country as part of a troika alongside the Soviet Union's Premier, Alexei Kosygin and Chairman of the Supreme Soviet's Presidium, Nikolai Podgorny. However, by the 1970s, Brezhnev consolidated power to become the regime's undisputed leader.
PortraitName (lifespan)PeriodDurationVladimir Lenin (1870–1924) [32]30 December 1922 [32] ↓ 21 January 1924 † ...1 year, 22 days1st – 10th [a] 11th 12thJoseph Stalin (1878–1953) [13]21 January 1924 [13] ↓ 5 March 1953 † ...29 years, 43 days13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19thGeorgy Malenkov (1902–1988) [37]5 March 1953 [38] [39] ↓ 7 September 1953 ...186 days—Nikita Khrushchev (1894–1971) [43]7 September 1953 [40] ↓ 14 October 1964 ...11 years, 37 days20th 21st 22ndOf the eleven individuals appointed head of state, three died in office of natural causes ( Leonid Brezhnev, Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko ), one held the position in a temporary role ( Vasily Kuznetsov ), and four held posts of party leader and head of state simultaneously (Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko and Mikhail Gorbachev ).
No. [note 1]PortraitName (birth–death)Term(took Office)1Mikhail Kalinin (1875–1946) [13]30 December 192212 January 19381Mikhail Kalinin (1875–1946) [13]17 January 193819 March 19462Nikolai Shvernik (1888–1970) [14]19 March 194615 March 19533Kliment Voroshilov (1881–1969) [15]15 March 19537 May 1960Aug 2, 2019 · The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Lasted From 1922–1991. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (also known as the USSR or the Soviet Union) consisted of Russia and 14 surrounding countries. The USSR's territory stretched from the Baltic states in Eastern Europe to the Pacific Ocean, including the majority of northern Asia and portions ...
- Matt Rosenberg
Nov 16, 2019 · By Nov. 20, a half-million Czechs and Slovaks filled Prague’s streets and took over Wenceslas Square. The Communists were forced out. By the end of 1989, Czechoslovakia was on its way to having ...
Oct 18, 2018 · In Prague, the year 1968 began with a bold attempt to reform and liberalize its creaking Soviet communist regime from within, 50 years later, authoritarianism is again on the rise in Eastern Europe.
