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4) The mujtahid must have a precise understanding of comparison, because the essence of ijtihad is comparison. For this reason, the mujtahid must know all the types, conditions, and judgments of comparison with details. 5) The mujtahid must also be acquainted with the customs.
1. Piety ( At- Taqwa) has been considered the most basic condition for a mujtahid (one who is qualified for Ijtihad). Since Ijtihad is a sacred duty and religious responsibility, qualities like honesty, integrity and piety must be found in a person who exercises Ijtihad. But piety is a matter of the heart, as once the Prophet (peace and ...
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Although the male citizen had by far the best position in Greek society, there were different classes within this group. Top of the social tree were the 'best people', the aristoi. Possessing more money than everyone else, this class could provide themselves with armour, weapons, and a horse when on military campaign. The aristocrats were often spl...
Female citizens had few rights in comparison to male citizens. Unable to vote, own land, or inherit, a woman's place was in the home and her purpose in life was the rearing of children. Contact with non-family males was discouraged and women occupied their time with indoor activities such as wool-work and weaving. Spartan womenwere treated somewhat...
Children of citizens attended schools where the curriculum covered reading, writing, and mathematics. After these basics were mastered, studies turned to literature (for example, Homer), poetry, and music (especially the lyre). Athletics was also an essential element in a young person's education. At Sparta, boys as young as seven were grouped toge...
Greek society included a significantly larger proportion of labourers than slaves. These were semi-free workers, wholly dependent on their employer. The most famous example is the helot class of Sparta. These dependents were not the property of a particular citizen - they could not be sold as a slave could - and they often lived with their families...
In Greek society, slaves were seen as a necessary and perfectly normal part of city-life. Acquired through war and conquest, kidnap and purchase, slaves were simply amongst life's losers. There were even intellectual arguments from philosophers like Aristotle, which propounded the belief that slaves were demonstrably inferior, a product of their en...
Aside from slaves, most Greek poleis would have had a number of free foreigners (xenoi) who had chosen to re-locate from other areas of Greece, the Mediterranean, and the Near East, bringing with them skills such as pottery and metalworking. These foreigners usually had to register their residence and so became a recognised class (lower in status t...
- Mark Cartwright
A mujtahid (Arabic: مُجْتَهِد, "diligent") is an individual who is qualified to exercise ijtihad in the evaluation of Islamic law. The female equivalent is a mujtahida . In general mujtahids must have an extensive knowledge of Arabic, the Qur'an, the Sunnah , and legal theory ( Usul al-fiqh ). [91]
May 14, 2023 · A mujtahid is an Islamic scholar who has achieved the highest level of expertise in interpreting Sacred Law. The mujtahid is qualified to derive legal rulings from the primary sources: the Quran, the Sunna, and other sources of Islamic jurisprudence. [Hitu, al-Wajiz Fi ‘Usul al-Tashri‘ al-Islami; Murad, Understanding the Four Madhhabs]
6 days ago · Greece has more than 2,000 islands, of which about 170 are inhabited; some of the easternmost Aegean islands lie just a few miles off the Turkish coast. The country’s capital is Athens, which expanded rapidly in the second half of the 20th century. Attikí (ancient Greek: Attica ), the area around the capital, is now home to about one-third ...
Dec 1, 2020 · It means the restoration of the original beliefs and practices after their being changed, distorted, or forgotten. The hadith indicates that some circles from within the Ummah may forget the original teachings of the Holy Qur’an and Sunnah, and some foreign elements may creep into the original beliefs and practices.
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