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  1. The earliest known use of the adjective muddling is in the mid 1600s. OED's earliest evidence for muddling is from 1649, in King Charles I.

    • 1 50 Years of Incrementalism
    • 2 The Notion of Incrementalism: A Brief and Incomplete Introduction
    • 4 The Contributions in This Special Issue

    In 1959, Charles Lindblom published his seminal article “The Science of Muddling Through”, in Public Administration Review (Lindblom, 1959). The article proposed an alternative to the then dominant “synoptic” model of decision-making. The concept of incrementalism suggests that decision making is, and ought to take place through, a process of succe...

    The concept of incrementalism developed across several publications and in collaboration with other prominent scholars, such as Robert Dahl, David Braybrooke, and David K. Cohen. Even though the term was employed by Lindblom in earlier publications, it was the articles published in 1959 on “The science of muddling through” and a year earlier in the...

    The five contributions in this special issue arrive at different conclusions in terms of the relevance of incrementalism for understanding policy-making processes and policy change today. But none of the articles conclude that the notion of incrementalism has become obsolete. To the contrary, all five articles reveal how crucial and influential Lin...

  2. Sep 9, 2021 · Two Hundred Years of Muddling Through outlines the contours of Britain’s changing economic landscape, covering the essential topics from the 1800s through to today — from the Corn Laws to ...

  3. The earliest known use of the noun muddling is in the mid 1700s. OED's earliest evidence for muddling is from 1769, in the writing of Elizabeth Griffith, playwright and writer. It is also recorded as an adjective from the mid 1600s.

  4. an untidy or confused state: The documents were in a muddle. Whenever I go to Europe I get in a muddle about/over (= become confused about) how much things cost. Synonym. fuddle informal. SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases. Dirt & untidiness. bloodstain. blot. clutter. contaminant. contamination. crud. fleck. grime. grunge. gunge. gunk.

  5. Charles Lindblom's 1959 essay “The Science of ‘Muddling Through’” is best known for the strategy of decision makingdisjointed incrementalismthat it recommended. That famous paper and Lindblom's …

  6. Sep 2, 2013 · In an attempt to revitalize the debate, I present a formal model of muddling through. The model, by clarifying the logical structure of the informal theory, presents a clearer target for criticism. More importantly, it establishes numerous deductive results.

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