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- The colonial history of New Jersey started after Henry Hudson sailed through Newark Bay in 1609. Although Hudson was British, he worked for the Netherlands, so he claimed the land for the Dutch. It was called New Netherlands. Small trading colonies sprang up where the present towns of Hoboken and Jersey City are located.
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Following the building of the Transcontinental Railroad, the 1870s would see Belleville, New Jersey become home to the first Chinese American settlement on the East Coast, pre-dating the Chinatowns that would form later in Newark and Manhattan.
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- Philadelphia Connections
- Quakers Set The County’s Tone
- African American Farm Labor
- Agricultural Economy
- The Revolution Intervenes
- R.D. Wood & Co.
- A Processing and Transportation Center
- Bird Hunting For Sport
- Tourism as A Supporting Industry
- The Prison Industry
Commercial connections with Philadelphia were extensive from the beginning. By the turn of the eighteenth century, Greenwich had become one of three official ports of entry in New Jersey. From 1695 until 1765, the West Jersey Assembly authorized Greenwich to hold semiannual fairs, in April and October, where anyone could peddle wares. Each fair att...
The Quakers set an egalitarian tone for the county. In 1843, when Philadelphia historian John Fanning Watson (1779-1860) visited Greenwich, his ancestral village, he noted that farmers ate at a common table with hired hands, both Black and white. It may have been the tolerant atmosphere promulgated by the Quakers that made possible the founding of ...
Farm labor in the first half of the twentieth century was provided by African Americans who moved north each year from Florida as crops were ready for harvest, and by Philadelphians of Italian descent whom labor brokers transported down for the season; members of both groups settled permanently in the county. Mid-century saw a rise in migrant labor...
Ancient geological forces combined to give Cumberland a thriving agricultural economy from the beginning. A large river system, often referred to as the “proto-Hudson,” flowed in from the north, followed what became the Delaware River valley from Trenton, New Jersey, then curved back across southern New Jersey’s interior. Waterways cut into the ear...
The American Revolution interrupted Cumberland’s growing prosperity. The area suffered during Philadelphia’s occupation by the Britishduring 1777-78, when it served as prime territory for foraging troops. Farmers were afraid to leave their houses to plow or sow crops, and the population faced an increasingly dire situation until the British evacuat...
David Cooper Wood (1781-1859) of Greenwich Township constructed an iron foundry and furnace in Millville in 1814, first manufacturing stoves and iron posts for gaslights and eventually specializing in water pipes. Thirty years later, with the foundry in trouble, David’s half-brother Richard Davis Wood (1799-1869) came to his aid; in 1850, he bought...
While Cumberland County as a whole prospered in the nineteenth century, and Bridgeton became the processing and transportation center for the agricultural products of the western side of the county, the poorer soil toward the northeast was left fallow and appropriated for open cattle range. Before the Civil War, the population in that area amounted...
Railbirding—hunting small waterfowl known as rail—appealed to wealthier Philadelphians. In order to pursue the sport, a few, such as the Wetherill family, owned houses along the Cohansey, and many were members of the Sora Gun Club. Probably the Cohansey’s most famous Philadelphia visitor was artist Thomas Eakins (1844-1916), who travelled regularly...
Tourism continued to be a major supporting industry. The New Jersey Motorsports Park opened on five hundred acres in Millville adjacent to the airport in 2008. It featured two road courses, a go-karting complex and other amenities, which attracted fans and participants from across the country. In 2010 the surviving World War II buildings at the Mil...
In the twenty-first century, four prisons were a major source of jobs in the county, with over two thousand employees among them. Cumberland County hosted Bayside State Prison in Leesburg, Southern State Correctional Facility in Delmont, and South Woods State Prison in Bridgeton. In 1990, Fairton Federal Correctional Institution, a medium security ...
I’m talking about the founding of New Jersey! As we celebrate this 350th anniversary year, those of us in history fields—and perhaps a few folks on the Isle of Jersey—are delighted to see Sir George Carteret and John, Lord Berkeley inch their way into household-name status.
Nov 9, 2009 · Settlers from the Netherlands, Sweden and Finland settled in Bergen, forming the first permanent European settlement in the state. In 1664, the Dutch lost control of New Jersey, which was part...
Hunterdon County is a county located in the western section of the U.S. state of New Jersey. At the 2020 census, the county was the state's 4th-least populous county, [6] with a population of 128,947, [3] [4] an increase of 598 (+0.5%) from the 2010 census count of 128,349. [7] Its county seat is Flemington. [1]
As new counties formed out of Gloucester—Atlantic in 1837 and Camden in 1844—the county remained thinly settled, with a high of 28,431 residents in 1830, dropping to only 14,655 in 1850 and rising again to 28,649 by 1890. Early growth was constrained by the limits of overland travel.
tlement of Finns once existed in New Jersey. In 1676, soon after the first English Quakers came to the colony and settled at Salem, English land records referred to people living at "ffynne Town Hook," loca.
