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This is a brief timeline of the history of Canada, comprising important social, economic, political, military, legal, and territorial changes and events in Canada and its predecessor states.
- What Is The Constitution?
- French Colonial Period
- British Take Control
- Royal Proclamation, 1763
- Quebec Act, 1774
- Constitutional Act, 1791
- Responsible Government
- Confederation
- British North America Act
- Federal-Provincial Powers
The Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly called the British North America Act) is of central importance in the Canadian Constitution. It outlines the distribution of powers between the federal and provincial legislatures. The Constitution Act, 1982, which includes the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, is also of high importance. Unwritten conventions are...
Prior to 1663, control of New France was given to chartered companies. They exercised extensive administrative, lawmaking and judicial powers. (See also: Company of One Hundred Associates; Compagnie des Indes occidentales.) It is uncertain what system of law was in effect. In 1663, France’s North American possessions came under direct royal rule. T...
During the 18th century, France lost its North American territories to Britain. By the time of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, Acadia was ceded to Britain. France retained control of Île Royale (Cape Breton), Île Saint-Jean (Prince Edward Island) and part of modern New Brunswick. France argued that, under the treaty, the Acadians continued to live u...
In keeping with the Royal Proclamation of 1763, Governor James Murray was to extend English laws and institutions to Quebec. He was instructed to govern with the help of a council of eight. An elected assembly was planned but did not come to fruition. Murray’s instructions also included a Test Oath for office-holders. Because of the oath’s religiou...
The Quebec Act of 1774 introduced a colonial governor and an appointed council of between 17 and 23 members. The Act was silent on the use of French. But a new oath allowed Roman Catholics to accept office. The council was not empowered to impose taxes; that matter was dealt with under the Quebec Revenue Act. The seigneurial system was retained and...
The influx of Loyalists after the American Revolution led to the creation of more British North American colonies. In 1784, New Brunswick and Cape Breton were created from parts of Nova Scotia. In 1791, Upper Canada (present-day Ontario) was separated from Lower Canada (present-day Quebec), with the Ottawa Riverforming the boundary. Under the Const...
Governor General Lord Durham came to the Canadas in 1838 after the rebellions. He regarded French Canadians as unprogressive and lacking in history and culture. This view, of course, outraged French Canadian elites. Durham feared the French Canadians would use any independent political powers it might acquire to frustrate the policies and objective...
The process of governing the Province of Canada became characterized by deadlock. This was due to the differing political priorities between Canada East and Canada West. By 1851, the English-speaking population outnumbered the French. Canada West began arguing for “representation by population” instead of East-West parity. George Brown’s Reform Par...
The British North America Act (now called the Constitution Act, 1867) became the founding constitutional statute of the new Dominion of Canada. A federal Parliament of two chambers was established in Ottawa. Seats in the House of Commons were allocated on the basis of population. Seats in the Senate were distributed equally (24 each) among the thre...
Under the Constitution Act, 1867, broad national matters are centralized with the federal government. These include: defence; postal service; trade and commerce; most communications; currency and coinage; and weights and measures. Powers over property, municipalities, and most private law, are controlled by the provinces. Federal law prevails where...
- January 01, 0985. Exploration & Settlement. Bjarni Sights America. Bjarni Herjolfsson sighted mainland North America, probably Newfoundland, southern Labrador and Baffin Island.
- January 01, 1400. Indigenous Peoples Politics. Blackfoot Confederacy. A confederacy of Siksika (Blackfoot) nations is organized around bands. Each band has a male leader responsible for decision-making.
- January 01, 1400. Politics. Mi’kmaq Grand Council. Made up of male representatives from across Mi’kmaq territory, the council is governed by a grand chief and rules by consensus.
- June 24, 1497. Exploration & Settlement. John Cabot Claims Atlantic Coast. John Cabot landed on the Atlantic coast of North America, claiming it for England.
Canada evolved into a fully sovereign state by 1982. [4] Before being part of British North America, the constituents of Canada consisted of the former colonies of Canada and Acadia from within New France which had been ceded to Great Britain in 1763 as part of the Treaty of Paris. [5]
It came into effect on 1 July. The Act joined the colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in one federal union. In 1949, Newfoundland becomes Canada’s newest province. In 1999, Nunavut becomes Canada’s newest territory. Its creation establishes self-governance for the region’s Inuit population.
1 day ago · Canada - British Rule, 1763-91: At first the former New France was to be governed by the Royal Proclamation of October 7, 1763, which declared the territory between the Alleghenies and the Mississippi to be Indian territory and closed to settlement until the Indigenous peoples there could be subdued.
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Canada was originally settled by the First Nation people and the Intuit many thousands of years ago. Europeans arrived briefly in 1000 AD, but didn't return until 1497 when John Cabot explored the Atlantic Coast for Great Britain.
