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The British monarchy
- The British monarchy is by far the oldest of all the constitutional monarchies. Its origins can be traced back to before the Norman Conquest.
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An official hereditary monarchy was established in 17th century under Frederick III’s reign and it also became a constitutional monarchy in 1849 when Denmark’s first Constitution was written. Denmark’s current monarch is Queen Margrethe II, who ascended the throne in 1972 after her father’s death.
- Constitution of San Marino. Date Ratified: October 8, 1600. Last Amended: 2002. Author(s): Camillo Bonelli. Government Type: Unitary parliamentary diarchic directorial republic.
- United States Constitution. Date Ratified: June 21, 1788. Last Amended: May 5, 1992. Author(s): Constitutional Convention. Government Type: Federal presidential constitutional republic.
- Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Date Ratified: May 3, 1791. Last Amended: October 21, 2009. Author(s): Historical – Ignacy Potocki, Hugo Kołłątaj, King Stanisław August Poniatowski, Stanisław Małachowski, Stanisław Staszic, and Scipione Piattoli; Modern – Komisja Konstytucyjna and Zgromadzenia Narodowego.
- Constitution of Norway. Date Ratified: May 17, 1814. Last Amended: May 13, 2014. Author(s): Norwegian Constituent Assembly. Government Type: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy.
- United States of America. Date of Current Constitution: June 21, 1788. Official Form of Government: Federal presidential constitutional republic. Current Leader(s) (as of 2021): President Joe Biden.
- Kingdom of Norway. Date of Current Constitution: May 17, 1814. Official Form of Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Current Leader(s) (as of 2021): King Harald V and Prime Minister Erna Solberg.
- The Netherlands. Date of Current Constitution: March 29, 1815. Official Form of Government: Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Current Leader(s) (as of 2021): King Willem-Alexander and Prime Minister Mark Rutte.
- Belgium. Date of Current Constitution: February 7, 1831. Official Form of Government: Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy. Current Leader(s) (as of 2021): King Philippe and Prime Minister Alexander De Croo.
The oldest constitutional monarchy dating back to ancient times was that of the Hittites. They were an ancient Anatolian people that lived during the Bronze Age whose king had to share his authority with an assembly, called the Panku, which was the equivalent to a modern-day deliberative assembly or a legislature.
- Oishimaya Sen Nag
- San Marino (October, 1600) The Republic of San Marino is believed to have the oldest surviving Constitution in the world. However, instead of being a single document, the Constitution of San Marino is comprised by a series of six books written in Latin, collectively referred to as the "Statutes of 1600".
- United States (June, 1788) The United States Constitution is one of the most well known constitutions in the world, and is the supreme law of the United States of America.
- The Netherlands (March, 1814) The Constitution of the Netherlands was adopted in March of 1814, and it declared the country as a hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary form of government.
- Norway (May, 1814) After 434 years of a Danish-Norwegian monarchial union, Norway finally became its own sovereign state with the adoption of the Norwegian Constitution on the 17th of May, 1814.
May 4, 2023 · At 87, the king of Saudi Arabia, Salman bin Abdul Aziz, is the oldest monarch. Emir Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani in neighboring Qatar is the youngest at 42.
Sep 24, 2021 · Currently, the monarchy of Japan is considered to be the oldest monarchy that still exists in the same bloodline. Emperor Jimmu has founded the kingdom of Japan on February 11, 660 BCE. He...
