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Aristotle [A] ( Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs, pronounced [aristotélɛːs]; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts. As the founder of the Peripatetic school of ...
- Poetics (Aristotle)
Aristotle's Poetics (Greek: Περὶ ποιητικῆς Peri poietikês;...
- Metaphysics (Aristotle)
Metaphysics (Greek: τὰ μετὰ τὰ φυσικά, "those after the...
- Physics
The expansion of the universe according to the Big Bang...
- Aristotelian Ethics
Aristotle first used the term ethics to name a field of...
- Corpus Aristotelicum
The works of Aristotle, sometimes referred to by modern...
- Peripatetic School
The Peripatetic school (Ancient Greek: Περίπατος lit. '...
- Aristoxenus
A modern imagining of the appearance of Aristoxenus....
- Nicomachean Ethics
First page of a 1566 edition of the Aristotolic Ethics in...
- Platonic Academy
Plato's Academy mosaic – from the Villa of T. Siminius...
- Pythias
Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a...
- Poetics (Aristotle)
- History
- Bibliography
- Further Reading
- External Links
Philosophical atomism
The idea that matter is made up of discrete units is a very old idea, appearing in many ancient cultures such as Greece and India. The word "atom" (Greek: ἄτομος; atomos), meaning "uncuttable", was coined by the Pre-Socratic Greek philosophers Leucippus and his pupil Democritus (c.460–c.370 BC). Democritus taught that atoms were infinite in number, uncreated, and eternal, and that the qualities of an object result from the kind of atoms that compose it. Democritus's atomism was refined and el...
John Dalton
Near the end of the 18th century, two laws about chemical reactions emerged without referring to the notion of an atomic theory. The first was the law of conservation of mass, closely associated with the work of Antoine Lavoisier, which states that the total mass in a chemical reaction remains constant (that is, the reactants have the same mass as the products). The second was the law of definite proportions. First established by the French chemist Joseph Proustin 1797 this law states that if...
Avogadro
The flaw in Dalton's theory was corrected in principle in 1811 by Amedeo Avogadro. Avogadro had proposed that equal volumes of any two gases, at equal temperature and pressure, contain equal numbers of molecules (in other words, the mass of a gas's particles does not affect the volume that it occupies). Avogadro's lawallowed him to deduce the diatomic nature of numerous gases by studying the volumes at which they reacted. For instance: since two liters of hydrogen will react with just one lit...
Andrew G. van Melsen (1960) [First published 1952]. From Atomos to Atom: The History of the Concept Atom. Translated by Henry J. Koren. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-49584-1.J. P. Millington (1906). John Dalton. J. M. Dent & Co. (London); E. P. Dutton & Co. (New York).Jaume Navarro (2012). A History of the Electron: J. J. and G. P. Thomson. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-00522-8.Alan J. Rocke (1984) Chemical Atomism in the Nineteenth Century: From Dalton to Cannizzaro, Ohio State University Press, Columbus (open access full text at http://digital.case.edu/islandora/object/...People also ask
What is atom theory?
Who founded atomic theory according to Aristotle & Theophrastus?
What is the history of ancient atomism?
Are ancient Greek natural philosophers Atomism or teleology?
Aug 23, 2005 · In this theory, it is the elemental triangles composing the solids that are regarded as indivisible, not the solids themselves. When Aristotle discusses the hypothesis that the natural world is composed of indivisibles, the two views he considers are those of Plato and Democritus.
Aug 23, 2005 · 1. Atomism before Leucippus? 2. Leucippus and Democritus. 3. Plato and Platonists. 4. Xenocrates. 5. Minima Naturalia in Aristotle. 6. Diodorus Cronus. 7. Epicurean Atomism. 8. Atomism and Particle Theories in the Sciences. Bibliography. A. General. B. Atomism before Leucippus. C. & D. Plato, Platonists and Xenocrates. E. Minima Naturalia.
It considers indications that the atomic theory was known in the mid-fifth century, and then tentatively explores Leucippus's contributions to atomism in a way that will illuminate Democritus's contributions. Keywords: atomic theory, Aristotle, Theophrastus, Leucippus, cause célèbre. Subject.
Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms. The concept that matter is composed of discrete particles is an ancient idea, but gained scientific credence in the 18th and 19th centuries when scientists found it could explain the behaviors of gases and how chemical elements reacted with each other.
Oct 8, 2000 · Translations are taken from Reeve (2016). 1. The Subject Matter of Aristotle’s Metaphysics. 2. The Categories. 3. The Role of Substance in the Study of Being Qua Being. 4. The Fundamental Principles: Axioms. 5. What is Substance? 6. Substance, Matter, and Subject. 7. Substance and Essence. 8. Substances as Hylomorphic Compounds. 9.
