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The Pulpit Commentary, in its extensive introduction to the Gospel of John, highlights the following points that are representative of John’s teaching, none of which are emphasized in a similar fashion in the other Gospels:
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- Abbreviations Used in These Notes
- 1:1-18 - John’s Introduction
- Colossians 2:9
- Hebrews 1:3
- Judgment given by the Father to the Son – John 5:22
- 1:5 – Light shines in the darkness, and darkness cannot overcome it.
- * Action
- * Administrator
- * Promise
- Implications for social drinking
- Examples of people who hate the light
- 4:10 – Jesus promised the woman that He could give her living water.
- 4:11,12 – The woman asked Jesus how He could draw this water. Was He greater than Jacob who gave them the well?
- 5:1,2 – Jesus was in Jerusalem at the pool of Bethesda.
- 6:21 – Jesus entered the boat, and the journey ended.
- The bread from heaven
- The Lord's Supper?
- 6:66 – From that time many disciples deserted Jesus.
- 7:9,10 – After the others had gone to the feast, Jesus went secretly.
- 7:25,26 – Some people wondered why the rulers did not confront Jesus.
- 7:35,36 – The people wondered where Jesus intended to go. Would He go to the Greeks or to the dispersion?
- 8:1-11 - The Woman Taken in Adultery
- 8:1,2 – Early in the morning Jesus taught in the temple.
- 8:23 – Jesus said they were from this world, but He was from above.
- The sheep hear the shepherd’s voice.
- 11:5 – Jesus loved Martha, Mary, and Lazarus.
- 12:37,38 – The people disbelieved as Isaiah prophesied.
- Jesus’ Final Days – Chapter 13-21
- 18:12-19:16 - Jesus’ Trials
- Trials before Jewish authorities:
- Trials before Roman authorities:
- 18:19-21 – When the high priest asked Jesus about His teaching, He said that He taught openly. So why not ask others about His teaching?
- 19:25-27 – Jesus arranged for John to take His mother into his home.
- 20:1-18 - The Women Visit the Tomb (Matt. 28:1-10; Mark 16:1-11; Luke 24:1-12)
- Forgiving or retaining sins
- A mistaken opinion about John’s future
- 21:24 – John assures us that he wrote as a firsthand witness.
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Notes to the Reader To save space and for other reasons, I have chosen not to include the Bible text in these notes (please use your Bible to follow along). When I do quote a Scripture, I generally quote the New King James Version, unless otherwise indicated. Often – especially when I do not use quotations marks – I am not quoting any translation b...
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A special word of thanks to Lynn Schaufel for her hard work in proof reading the text of this commentary.
ASV – American Standard Version b/c/v - book, chapter, and verse ESV – English Standard Version f - the following verse ff - the following verses KJV – King James Version NASB – New American Standard Bible NEB – New English Bible NIV – New International Version NKJV – New King James Version RSV – Revised Standard Version v – verse vv - verses
John begins by identifying his claims regarding who Jesus is. The introduction of John’s gospel immediately introduces the major themes that John intends to discuss. Then he spends the rest of the book proving and demonstrating these themes from the life and teaching of Jesus.
“For in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily” (NKJV, KJV, ASV). Or: “For in Him all the fullness of Deity dwells in bodily form” (NASB, RSV, NIV is similar).
Jesus was “the express image of His [the Father’s] person” (NKJV, KJV) or “the very image of his substance” (ASV), “the exact representation of His nature” (NASB), “the exact representation of his being” (NIV). The context describes Jesus as the Creator, far above the angels so that He deserves to be worshipped. But only God is properly worshiped, ...
The Father does not judge any man, but has given all judgment to the Son. If the Father and Son are the same individual, then when Jesus judges people, the Father is judging them. But the Son judges, and the Father does not judge. Therefore, they must be separate individuals.
Light and darkness are opposites. Or more specifically, darkness is the absence of light. Darkness exists where light does not exist, but the coming of light eliminates darkness. Just as Jesus is the source of light, He is the One who dispels darkness. As in v4, light represents truth and the proper understanding of the meaning of life and how to...
The word “baptize” means to immerse, overwhelm, engulf. This is a spiritual baptism, not physical, in which the subjects were to be overwhelmed by the Holy Spirit.
Jesus Himself would baptize people in the Holy Spirit. This baptism required someone greater than John to administer it. Only Jesus is great enough. No man can or ever has baptized others in the Holy Spirit.
Holy Spirit baptism was something God promised to do for certain people, not something they were required to do for Him. There was no command to be baptized in the Holy Spirit.
Some people use this passage to justify modern social drinking “in moderation”: if Jesus provided wine at a feast, why can’t we today drink alcoholic beverages at social gatherings? Remember first that the purpose of this account was, not to teach us about drinking wine, but to substantiate Jesus’ claims by showing His power of doing miracles. Le...
This explains many things that sinful people do. Most are “not interested” in coming to church meetings, nor will they participate in a home Bible study. They “don’t want to talk about religion,” because they are afraid their sins will be exposed. Many of them don’t even want to be around Christians, especially those known for zealously speaking ab...
Jesus responded by ignoring the question the woman asked. As when He taught Nicodemus, Jesus began with a comparison without explaining it. The woman did not understand the point, but it drew her further into the discussion. This is an interesting teaching technique. The subject the woman raised was not what she most needed to hear about. She had...
The woman showed her confusion, much like Nicodemus had. She thought He was talking physically when He was talking spiritually. And as with Nicodemus, her response showed her confusion. She asked what He had that He could use to draw water from a deep well. Then she asked if He thought He was greater than Jacob who, with his family and animals, h...
The event recorded here occurred back in Jerusalem after the healing of the nobleman’s son (end of chapter 4). Jesus had again gone there for a feast. We are not told how much time had transpired or what feast this was. So apparently, these facts are not important to the story. What is important is the miracle that John records. He tells the story ...
Other accounts state that, when Peter and Jesus entered the boat, the wind ceased. Then the apostles worshipped Jesus for His power, saying he was the Son of God (Matthew’s account). We are told that they then immediately arrived at their destination. Once again, note how the writers carefully give us sufficient details that we cannot successfull...
Then Jesus explained the blessing that the people really needed and that God had chosen to give. It was “bread” from heaven, but not the physical bread like manna they were pursuing. The “bread” was the One whom God had sent to provide life for the world. This, of course, was Jesus. Jesus is the “bread” throughout this discussion that people must “...
Some people think Jesus refers here to eating His flesh and drinking His blood in the Lord’s Supper. The parallel is striking, but it just does not fit this context. The Lord’s Supper is nowhere here. However, the view we have presented is not only in the context, it is the whole point of the context. The Lord’s Supper is a part of serving Jesus, a...
At the conclusion of the discussion, not only did many Jews reject His words, but many disciples even ceased following Him. This was no doubt sad and difficult, for the Lord has feelings too, and He grieves over man’s sins. Yet, there is so much we can learn here. People, who at first seem interested in truth, often end up rejecting it. Some we try...
Jesus remained in Galilee awhile. But after the brothers had gone to the feast, He also went up. But He went up secretly, not publicly. He did not take a large multitude of followers, openly declaring who He was. He went up quietly with no fanfare or other means of attracting attention. In short, He went, but not the way His brothers wanted Him to ...
Interestingly, some of the people now remembered that this is the one the Jews wanted to kill! When Jesus had first mentioned this idea, they had, in effect, denied it (verses 19,20). But after He challenged their judgment of Him and showed that not all work on the Sabbath was sinful, they remembered that some had sought to kill Him. Note that thos...
Jesus’ statements had really confused the Jews. They had thought they knew where He came from, though they did not understand where He ultimately came from. Then they were really confused when He said He would go back and they could not go there. They wondered if He intended to go teach the Greeks among the dispersion. The word for Greeks here refe...
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John 1:1-5 INTRODUCTION 1. The gospel of John was written for a simple purpose... a. To produce faith in Jesus as the Christ, the Son of God - Jn 20:30-31a b. To share the “life” that comes through such faith - Jn 20:31b 2. To encourage us to have faith in Jesus Christ... a. John begins his gospel with a prologue - Jn 1:1-18 b.
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John 2–4 includes further revelation of Jesus to the disciples and others, and John 3:1–21 more to the readers, but this revelation continues progressively throughout the course of the Gospel, a progression which fits the story world without any necessary referent in the community’s history.
Feb 2, 2009 · 1. Background to the Study of John. 2. Major Differences Between John and the Synoptic Gospels. 3. Prologue ( John 1:1-18) 4. Exegetical Commentary on John 1 (verses 1:19 - 51) 5.
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John was a member of that inner circle of three whom Jesus made His most intimate associates and who shared with Him the deepest experiences of His life mission. It was to John that Christ entrusted His own mother as He hung upon the cross.
