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Sep 19, 2023 · Jiggle Test is a quick technique to check the fitness of your body and muscle tone by observing the amount or the extent of body parts shaking or jiggling when moved. It can act as an informal representation of an individual’s body composition, helping to identify areas with excess fat or loose muscle compared to surrounding areas.
- 1 Norm-Referenced Interpretations
- Cial Interest Topic 3.1: The “Flynn Effect”
- Cial Interest Topic 3.2: Using Clinical Norms?
- Cial Interest Topic 3.4: The History of Stanine Scores
- 2 Criterion-Referenced Interpretations
- 3 Norm-Referenced, Criterion-Referenced, Or Both?
3.1.1.1 Norms and Reference Groups
To understand an examinee’s performance on a psychological test, it is often useful to compare their performance to the performance of some preselected group of individuals. Raw scores on a test, such as the number correct, take on special meaning when they are evaluated relative to the performance of a normative or reference group. To accomplish this, when using a norm-referenced approach to interpreting test scores, raw scores on the test are typically converted to derived scores based on i...
Research has shown that there were significant increases in IQ during the twentieth century. This phenomenon has come to be referred to as the “Flynn Effect” after the primary researcher credited with its discovery, James Flynn. In discussing his research, Flynn (1998) notes: So what do you think is causing these gains in IQ? When we ask our studen...
Reynolds and Kamphaus (2015a) note that clinical norms are most useful when an examinee’s performance is extreme when compared to the general population. They give the example of a child referred for significant emotional and behavioral problems. Since the referred child’s scores are extreme relative to the general population, a profile of his or h...
Stanines have a mean of 5 and a standard deviation of 2. Stanines have a range of 1–9 and are a form of standard score. Because they are standardized and have nine possible values, the contrived, contracted name of stanines was given to these scores (standard nine). A stanine is a conversion of the percentile rank that represents a wide range of pe...
As noted previously, with criterion-referenced interpretations, the examinee’s performance is not compared to that of other people, but to a specified level of performance (i.e., a criterion). Criterion-referenced interpretations emphasize what the examinees know or what they can do, not their standing relative to other test takers, but their stand...
Early in this chapter, we noted that it is not technically accurate to refer to norm-referenced tests or criterion-referenced tests. It is the interpretation of performance on a test that is either norm-referenced or criterion-referenced. As a result, it is possible for a test to produce both norm-referenced and criterion-referencedinterpretations....
- Cecil R. Reynolds, Robert A. Altmann, Daniel N. Allen
- 2021
Jan 28, 2020 · Knowledge Base. Statistics. Choosing the Right Statistical Test | Types & Examples. Published on January 28, 2020 by Rebecca Bevans . Revised on June 22, 2023. Statistical tests are used in hypothesis testing. They can be used to: determine whether a predictor variable has a statistically significant relationship with an outcome variable.
- Statistical tests commonly assume that: the data are normally distributed the groups that are being compared have similar variance the data are i...
- A test statistic is a number calculated by a statistical test . It describes how far your observed data is from the null hypothesis of no rela...
- Statistical significance is a term used by researchers to state that it is unlikely their observations could have occurred under the null hypothe...
- Quantitative variables are any variables where the data represent amounts (e.g. height, weight, or age). Categorical variables are any variables...
- Discrete and continuous variables are two types of quantitative variables : Discrete variables represent counts (e.g. the number of objects in a...
Scanning & Scoring. Scoring. Reports. Understanding Item Analyses. Item analysis is a process which examines student responses to individual test items (questions) in order to assess the quality of those items and of the test as a whole.
Jan 1, 2004 · PDF | On Jan 1, 2004, Dawn P. Flanagan and others published TEST SCORES: A GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING AND USING TEST RESULTS | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
Test score. A test score is a piece of information, usually a number, that conveys the performance of an examinee on a test. One formal definition is that it is "a summary of the evidence contained in an examinee's responses to the items of a test that are related to the construct or constructs being measured." [1]
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ASSESSMENT GLOSSARY
