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  1. www.psychologytoday.com › us › basicsPlay | Psychology Today

    Play. Play—or fun, imaginative, relaxed, and self-directed activities—is a key part of life for children and adults alike. Play tends to be self-chosen, removed in some way from “real ...

    • Peter Gray
    • Play is intrinsically motivated—means are more valued than ends
    • Play is guided by mental rules, but the rules leave room for creativity

    “Play” is a word used commonly to refer to children’s preferred activities and to some adult activities, and it is often said that play promotes learning. But what is play exactly, and what and how do children learn through play? This essay begins with a description of an evolutionary, practice theory of play by German philosopher and naturalist, K...

    Play is activity that, from the conscious per-spective of the player, is done for its own sake more than for some reward outside of the activity itself. In other words, it is behav-ior in which means are more valued than ends. When people are not playing, what they value most are the results of their actions. When people are not playing, they typic...

    Play is freely chosen activity but not free-form or random activity. Play always has struc-ture, and that structure derives from rules in the players’ minds. In social play, the rules must be shared by all the players. The rule-based nature of play is the characteristic that Vygotsky (1978) emphasized most strongly in his essay about the roles of p...

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  3. Aug 1, 2018 · Here we attempt to chart a definition of play that allows us to capture the Play Spectrum and thus to make more refined hypotheses about how play relates to varied aspects of development – from traditional academic outcomes to the newer conceptualizations of skills needed for 21st century success [e.g., Golinkoff and Hirsh-Pasek’s (2016) 6C ...

  4. edpsych.pressbooks.sunycreate.cloud › chapter › playPlay – Educational Psychology

    The Developing Learner. While play is often seen as something children do for leisure and recreation, play is actually a crucial part of a children’s development. Play is a self-chosen and self-directed activity that is focused on the process of play and not the product of it. Play is individually constructed to meet the child’s desires and ...

  5. Nov 19, 2008 · Play is self-chosen and self-directed. Play is activity in which means are more valued than ends. Play has structure, or rules, which are not dictated by physical necessity but emanate from the ...

  6. Play (1) has to have no specific purpose nor be linked to survival, (2) can oftentimes be exaggerated – e.g., playful experiences often are not necessarily related to how things work in regular, everyday life, (3) requires both joyful and voluntary participation, and (4) is child-led, not adult-directed.

  7. Mar 25, 2024 · Play therapy is a form of psychotherapy primarily for children (but sometimes, adults) working through emotional and mental issues. It helps children express themselves and learn about the world through their natural love of play. Therapists use it primarily for children, but adults can benefit, too. A play therapist guides a person through ...

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