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- If we first look at an object that is effectively two-dimensional (such as the writing on a card) and then turn the card to face a mirror, the object turns through an angle of 180° and we see a left-right reversal in the mirror.
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- Image Formation by Plane Mirror. The "object" could be any physical object or a source of light, but we often depict it as an upright arrow.
- Concave Mirror. The distance from the focal point to the mirror is called the focal length, f. We will not go into the details of the proof, but it can be shown using the small angle approximation that the focal length is equal to half the radius of curvature
- Principal Rays of a Concave Spherical Mirror. Using rays to determine the location, orientation, and the size of the image is known as ray tracing.
- Deriving Equations for a Concave Spherical Mirror. Since we are using the small angle approximation (we assume that all distances are close to the optical axis), the mirror can be approximated as flat where light is reflected, as shown by the bold vertical line.
If we first look at an object that is effectively two-dimensional (such as the writing on a card) and then turn the card to face a mirror, the object turns through an angle of 180° and we see a left-right reversal in the mirror. In this example, it is the change in orientation rather than the mirror itself that causes the observed reversal.
Why do mirrors reverse left and right, not up and down? - BBC Science Focus Magazine.
i) The object is always placed to the left of the mirror. This implies that the light form the object falls on the mirror form the left -hand side. ii) All distances measured to the "LEFT" of the origin (along the + x-axis) are taken as negative. All distances measured to the "RIGHT" of the origin (along the + x-axis) are taken as positive.
- 15 min
- David SantoPietro
- 7:29 Shouldn't the "vertical" side of the triangle actually be vertical and go along the dotted line...Yes, you're right. Where the light ray hits the mirror is not directly below the principal axis. So, at 9:05, the denominator is not really f but f...
- how the negative sign comes in mirror magnification formula is still not clear?There's no such thing as negative distance or negative height. So h_o and h_i are both positive. That's why you don't get a negative sign when you'...
- Can object distance be negative? And if so when does this happen?Whenever you are dealing with position and you want to keep track of where things are you establish a frame of reference. As part of this frame of...
Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Illustrate image formation in a flat mirror. Explain with ray diagrams the formation of an image using spherical mirrors. Determine focal length and magnification given radius of curvature, distance of object and image.
Explain reflection from mirrors, describe image formation as a consequence of reflection from mirrors, apply ray diagrams to predict and interpret image and object locations, and describe applications of mirrors. Perform calculations based on the law of reflection and the equations for curved mirrors.
Aug 16, 2021 · The characteristics of an image formed by a flat mirror are: (a) The image and object are the same distance from the mirror, (b) The image is a virtual image, and (c) The image is situated behind the mirror. Image length is half the radius of curvature. \[f = \frac{R}{2} onumber\]
