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      • The infection can quickly and severely damage the cartilage and bone within the joint, so prompt treatment is crucial. Treatment involves draining the joint with a needle or during surgery. Antibiotics also are usually needed.
      www.mayoclinic.org › diseases-conditions › bone-and-joint-infections
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  2. Nov 24, 2022 · Treatment. Doctors rely on joint drainage and antibiotic drugs to treat septic arthritis. Joint drainage. Removing the infected joint fluid is crucial. Drainage methods include: Needle. In some cases, your doctor can withdraw the infected fluid with a needle inserted into the joint space. Scope procedure.

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    •Overview

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    •When to see a doctor

    •Causes

    •Risk factors

    •Complications

    Septic arthritis typically causes extreme discomfort and difficulty using the affected joint. The joint could be swollen, red and warm, and you might have a fever.

    If septic arthritis occurs in an artificial joint (prosthetic joint infection), signs and symptoms such as minor pain and swelling may develop months or years after knee replacement or hip replacement surgery. Also, a loosening of the joint may occur, which causes pain while moving the joint or while putting weight on the joint. Typically, the pain goes away when at rest. In extreme cases, the joint may become dislocated.

    See your doctor if you have severe pain in a joint that comes on suddenly. Prompt treatment can help minimize joint damage.

    If you have an artificial joint, see your doctor if you experience pain while using the joint.

    Septic arthritis can be caused by bacterial, viral or fungal infections. Bacterial infection with Staphylococcus aureus (staph) is the most common cause. Staph commonly lives on even healthy skin.

    Septic arthritis can develop when an infection, such as a skin infection or urinary tract infection, spreads through your bloodstream to a joint. Less commonly, a puncture wound, drug injection, or surgery in or near a joint — including joint replacement surgery — can give the germs entry into the joint space.

    Risk factors for septic arthritis include:

    •Existing joint problems. Chronic diseases and conditions that affect your joints — such as osteoarthritis, gout, rheumatoid arthritis or lupus — can increase your risk of septic arthritis, as can previous joint surgery and joint injury.

    •Having an artificial joint. Bacteria can be introduced during joint replacement surgery, or an artificial joint may become infected if germs travel to the joint from a different area of the body through the bloodstream.

    •Taking medications for rheumatoid arthritis. People with rheumatoid arthritis have a further increase in risk because of medications they take that can suppress the immune system, making infections more likely to occur. Diagnosing septic arthritis in people with rheumatoid arthritis is difficult because many of the signs and symptoms are similar.

    •Skin fragility. Skin that breaks easily and heals poorly can give bacteria access to your body. Skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema increase your risk of septic arthritis, as do infected skin wounds. People who regularly inject drugs also have a higher risk of infection at the site of injection.

    •Weak immune system. People with a weak immune system are at greater risk of septic arthritis. This includes people with diabetes, kidney and liver problems, and those taking drugs that suppress their immune systems.

    If treatment is delayed, septic arthritis can lead to joint degeneration and permanent damage. If septic arthritis affects an artificial joint, complications may include joint loosening or dislocation.

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    By Mayo Clinic Staff

    Nov 24, 2022

    1.Goldenberg DL, et al. Septic arthritis in adults. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 17, 2020.

    2.Ferri FF. Septic arthritis. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2021. Elsevier; 2021. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Dec. 17, 2020.

    •A Book: Mayo Clinic Guide to Arthritis

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  3. Oct 5, 2021 · Septic arthritis (also known as infectious arthritis) happens when an infection spreads to one or more of your joints and causes inflammation. The inflammation is in the surface of the cartilage (a type of connective tissue) that lines your joints and the synovial fluid that lubricates your joints.

  4. Septic arthritis should be considered in adults presenting with acute monoarticular arthritis. A delay in diagnosis and treatment of septic arthritis can lead to permanent morbidity and...

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  5. Aug 29, 2023 · Arthritis treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving joint function. You may need to try several different treatments, or combinations of treatments, before you determine what works best for you. Medications. The medications used to treat arthritis vary depending on the type of arthritis. Commonly used arthritis medications include:

  6. Jul 3, 2023 · Treatment of septic arthritis comprises antimicrobial therapy and joint fluid drainage (arthrotomy, arthroscopy, or daily needle aspiration). Empiric intravenous antimicrobial therapy should be initiated promptly after joint aspiration is complete and cultures obtained.

  7. Sep 28, 2022 · Septic arthritis presents with a joint that is painful, hot, swollen, and restricted. Diagnosis is based on the opinion of the clinician experienced in the management of musculoskeletal disease. In all cases of suspected native joint sepsis, the joint should be aspirated.

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