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The Eastern Romance languages are a group of Romance languages. The group, also called the Balkan Romance or Daco-Romance languages , [1] comprises the Romanian language (Daco-Romanian), the Aromanian language and two other related minor languages, Megleno-Romanian and Istro-Romanian .
The five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are Spanish (489 million), Portuguese (240 million), [4] French (80 million), Italian (67 million) and Romanian (24 million), which are all national languages of their respective countries of origin.
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- Attempts at Classifying Romance Languages
- Some Major Linguistic Features Differing Among Romance Languages
- References
Difficulties of classification
The comparative method used by linguists to build family language trees is based on the assumption that the member languages evolved from a single proto-language by a sequence of binary splits, separated by many centuries. With that hypothesis, and the glottochronologicalassumption that the degree of linguistic change is roughly proportional to elapsed time, the sequence of splits can be deduced by measuring the differences between the members. However, the history of Romance languages, as we...
Criteria
The two main avenues to attempt classifications are historical and typological criteria: 1. Historical criteria look at the Romance languages' former development. For example, a widely employed model divided the Romance-speaking world between West and East based on whether plural nouns end in -s or in a vowel. Researchers have highlighted this is mainly valid from a historical point of view as the change appeared in Antiquity in the East (Italo-Romance, Dalmatian and Eastern Romance), while i...
The standard proposal
By applying the comparative method, some linguists have concluded that Sardinian became linguistically developed separately from the remainder of the Romance languages at an extremely early date. Among the many distinguishing features of Sardinian are its articles (derived from Latin IPSE instead of ILLE) and lack of palatalization of /k/ and /ɡ/ before /ieɛ/ and other unique conservations such as domo ‘house’ (< domo). Sardinian has plurals in /s/ but post-vocalic lenition of voiceless conso...
Part of the difficulties met in classifying Romance languages is due to the seemingly messy distribution of linguistic innovations across members of the Romance family. While this is a problem for followers of the dominant Tree model, this is in fact a characteristic typical of linkages and dialect continuums generally: this has been an argument fo...
Chambon, Jean-Pierre. 2011. Note sur la diachronie du vocalisme accentué en istriote/istroroman et sur la place de ce groupe de parlers au sein de la branche romane. Bulletin de la Société de Lingu...François, Alexandre (2014), "Trees, Waves and Linkages: Models of Language Diversification" (PDF), in Bowern, Claire; Evans, Bethwyn (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Historical Linguistics, London...Kalyan, Siva; François, Alexandre (2018), "Freeing the Comparative Method from the tree model: A framework for Historical Glottometry" (PDF), in Kikusawa, Ritsuko; Reid, Laurie (eds.), Let's talk a...Italica: Bulletin of the American Association of Teachers of Italian. Vol. 27–29. Menasha, Wisconsin: George Banta Publishing Company. 1950. Retrieved November 18, 2013.The language can vary with the valleys and words can end in -o, -e or -a. It is the most archaic variant. Southeastern Friulian, spoken in Bassa Friulana and Eastern Friuli, in the area along the Isonzo River (the area of the old Contea di Gorizia e Gradisca), has words that end with -a. This variant has been known since the origins of the ...
Romanian influence is most visible on South Slavic languages, in particular Bulgarian and Macedonian which goes back to the earliest centuries after the invasion of Slavic tribes in the south-Danubian territory. The lexical borrowings dominate in its shepherd and dairy-farming terminology, for example: fičor ‘young shepherd’ ← ficior ...
Eastern Romance languages. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eastern Romance languages. For a list of words relating to Eastern Romance languages, see the Eastern Romance languages category of words in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Sep 9, 2010 · Romanian is clearly a Romance language: its lexical similarity with Italian is estimated at 77%, with French at 75%, with Sardinian at 74%, with Catalan at 73%, with Portuguese and Rheto-Romance at 72% and with Spanish at 71%. The higher lexical similarity with French and Italian may be explained by more recent lexical borrowings from these ...
