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- Acanthamoeba keratitis is characterized by pain out of proportion to findings. In one study, 95% of patients complained of pain. Patients may also complain of decreased vision, redness, foreign body sensation, photophobia, tearing, and discharge. Symptoms may wax and wane; they may be quite severe at times.
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- Overview
- Eye infection basics
- 1. Conjunctivitis/pink eye
- 2. Keratitis
- 3. Endophthalmitis
- 4. Blepharitis
- 5. Sty
- 6. Uveitis
- 7. Cellulitis
- 8. Ocular herpes
Eye infections can cause pain, discharge, and swelling. But symptoms and treatment options vary depending on the cause, whether viral, bacterial, or fungal.
If you’ve noticed some pain, swelling, itching, or redness in your eye, you likely have an eye infection. Eye infections fall into three specific categories based on their cause: viral, bacterial, or fungal, and each is treated differently.
The good news is eye infections aren’t hard to spot, so you can seek treatment quickly.
Infectious conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is one of the most common eye infections. It happens when blood vessels in the conjunctiva, the thin outermost membrane surrounding your eyeball, become infected by bacteria or a virus.
As a result, your eyes become pink or red, and inflamed.
It can also result from allergies or exposure to chemicals, like chlorine, in swimming pools.
Conjunctivitis caused by bacteria or virus is extremely contagious. You can still spread it up to two weeks after the infection starts. Take note of any of the following symptoms and see your doctor as soon as possible for treatment:
•reddish or pinkish tint to your eyes
•watery discharge from your eyes that’s thickest when you wake up
Infectious keratitis happens when your cornea gets infected. The cornea is the clear layer that covers your pupil and iris. Keratitis results from either an infection (bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic) or an eye injury. Keratitis means swelling of the cornea and isn’t always infectious.
Symptoms of keratitis can include:
•redness and swelling in your eye
•eye pain or discomfort
•producing more tears than usual or an abnormal discharge
•pain or discomfort when you open and close your eyelids
Endophthalmitis is severe inflammation of the inside of your eye resulting from a bacterial or fungal infection. Candida fungal infections are the most common cause of endophthalmitis.
This condition can happen after certain eye surgeries, such as cataract surgery, although this is rare. It may also happen after your eye is penetrated by an object. Some symptoms to watch out for, especially after surgery or an eye injury, include:
•mild to severe eye pain
•partial or complete vision loss
•blurry vision
•redness or swelling around the eye and eyelids
Blepharitis is an inflammation of your eyelids, the skin folds covering your eyes. This type of inflammation is usually caused by clogging of the oil glands inside the eyelid skin at the base of your eyelashes. Blepharitis may be caused by bacteria.
Symptoms of blepharitis include:
•eye or eyelid redness, itchiness, swelling
•eyelid oiliness
•sensation of burning in your eyes
•feeling like something’s stuck in your eyes
A sty (also called a hordeolum) is a pimple-like bump that develops from an oil gland on the outer edges of your eyelids. These glands can get clogged with dead skin, oils, and other matter and allow bacteria to overgrow in your gland. The resulting infection causes a sty.
Sty symptoms include:
•pain or tenderness
•itchiness or irritation
•swelling
•producing more tears than usual
Uveitis happens when your uvea gets inflamed from infection. The uvea is the central layer of your eyeball that transports blood to your retina — the part of your eye that transmits images to your brain.
Uveitis often results from immune system conditions, viral infections, or eye injuries. Uveitis doesn’t usually cause any long-term problems, but you can lose vision if a severe case isn’t treated.
Uveitis symptoms can include:
•eye redness
•pain
•“floaters” in your visual field
Eyelid cellulitis, or periorbital cellulitis, happens when eye tissues get infected. It’s often caused by an injury like a scratch to your eye tissues that introduces infectious bacteria, such as Staphylococcus (staph), or from bacterial infections of nearby structures, such as sinus infections.
Young children are more likely to get cellulitis because they’re at higher risk of infection due to the type of bacteria that causes this condition.
Cellulitis symptoms include eyelid redness and swelling as well as eye skin swelling. You typically won’t have any eye pain or discomfort.
Treatment for cellulitis may include:
•applying a warm, damp, clean towel to your eye for 20 minutes at a time to relieve inflammation
•taking oral antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, or IV antibiotics for children under 4
Ocular herpes happens when your eye is infected by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). It’s often just called eye herpes.
Eye herpes is spread by contact with someone who has an active HSV-1 infection, not through sexual contact (that’s HSV-2). Symptoms tend to infect one eye at a time, and include:
•eye pain and irritation of the eye
•sensitivity to light
•blurry vision
•eye tissue or corneal tears
Amebiasis is an infection of the large intestine and sometimes the liver and other organs that is caused by the single-celled protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, an ameba. The amebas may be spread from person to person or through food or water.
Infection with Entamoeba histolytica (and E.dispar) occurs via ingestion of mature cysts from fecally contaminated food, water, or hands. Exposure to infectious cysts and trophozoites in fecal matter during sexual contact may also occur.
Aug 23, 2023 · Entamoeba coli is a common protozoan found in stool worldwide. It is essential to identify and differentiate this non-pathologic protozoan from those causing significant disease. Infection with Entamoeba coli is a sign of fecal-oral contamination. Prevention through proper hand hygiene and avoidance of contaminated food and water.
