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- Francisco Franco led a successful military rebellion to overthrow Spain's democratic republic in the Spanish Civil War, subsequently establishing an often brutal dictatorship that defined the country for decades.
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May 8, 2024 · Francisco Franco, general and leader of the Nationalist forces that overthrew the Spanish democratic republic in the Spanish Civil War (1936–39); thereafter he was the head of the government of Spain until 1973 and head of state until his death in 1975.
- Stanley G. Payne
Dec 2, 2023 · In theory, when Francisco Franco emerged victorious from the Spanish Civil War, he had more power than any Spanish leader who came before or after him. He ruled almost exclusively by decree for the first four years after the fall of Madrid signaled the end of the Spanish Civil War.
- Franco: The Early Years. Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was born on December 4, 1892, in El Ferrol, a small coastal town on Spain’s northwestern tip. Until age 12, Franco attended a private school run by a Catholic priest.
- Franco and the Second Republic. A military dictatorship embraced by King Alfonso XIII governed Spain from 1923 to 1930, but municipal elections held in April 1931 deposed the king and ushered in the so-called Second Republic.
- Franco and the Spanish Civil War. Banished to a remote post in the Canary Islands, Franco initially hesitated in his support of the military conspiracy.
- Life Under Franco. Many Republican figures fled the country in the wake of the civil war, and military tribunals were set up to try those who remained. These tribunals sent thousands more Spaniards to their death, and Franco himself admitted in the mid-1940s that he had 26,000 political prisoners under lock and key.
Franco had received important support from Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini during the Spanish Civil War, and he had signed the Anti-Comintern Pact. He made pro-Axis speeches, [161] while offering various kinds of support to Italy and Germany.
After receiving Spain’s highest military honour, the Grand Cross of San Fernando with Laurels, Franco, surrounded by government ministers and generals, presided over a five-hour victory parade of Italian and Portuguese ‘volunteers’ and 120,000 solders of the Nationalist army.
