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May 15, 2024 · Chikungunya virus disease (chikungunya) is caused by a virus primarily spread to people through the bite of infected mosquitoes. If infected, people can spread the virus to mosquitoes and rarely to other people. The risk of a person spreading the virus is highest during the first week of illness.
May 15, 2024 · Chikungunya virus is primarily transmitted to people through the bite of an infected mosquito, mainly Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Humans are the primary hosts of chikungunya virus during epidemic periods. Bloodborne, intrapartum, and in utero transmission of chikungunya virus can occur.
- Overview
- Distribution and Outbreaks
- Transmission
- Symptoms
- Diagnostics
- Treatment and Vaccines
- Prevention and Control
- Who Response
Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an RNA virus in the alphavirus genus of the family Togaviridae. The name chikungunya derives from a word in the Kimakonde language, meaning “to become contorted”.
CHIKV was first identified in the United Republic of Tanzania in 1952 and subsequently in other countries Africa and Asia (1). Urban outbreaks were first recorded in Thailand in 1967 and in India in the 1970s (2). Since 2004, outbreaks of CHIKV have become more frequent and widespread, caused partly due to viral adaptations allowing the virus to be...
Chikungunya virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, most commonly Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, which can also transmit dengue and Zika viruses. These mosquitoes bite primarily during daylight hours. They lay eggs in containers with standing water. Both species feed outdoors, and Ae. aegyptialso feeds indoors. When an unin...
In symptomatic patients, CHIKV disease onset is typically 4–8 days (range 2–12 days) after the bite of an infected mosquito. It is characterized by an abrupt onset of fever, frequently accompanied by severe joint pain. The joint pain is often debilitating and usually lasts for a few days but may be prolonged, lasting for weeks, months or even years...
Chikungunya virus may be detected directly in blood samples collected during the first week of illness using tests such as reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Other tests can detect a person’s immune response to chikungunya virus infection. These are typically used after the first week of infection to test for antibodies to th...
The clinical management includes addressing fever and joint pain with anti-pyretics and optimal analgesics, drinking plenty of fluids and general rest. There is no specific antiviral drug treatment for CHIKV infections. Paracetamol or acetaminophen are recommended for pain relief and reducing fever until dengue infections are ruled out, as non-ster...
Prevention of infection by avoiding mosquito bites is the best protection. Patients suspected of having CHIKV infection should avoid getting mosquito bites during the first week of illness to prevent further transmission to mosquitoes, who may in turn infect other people. The main method to reduce transmission of CHIKV is through control of the mos...
WHO supports countries to conduct surveillance and control of arboviruses through the implementation of the Global Arbovirus Initiative. WHO responds to chikungunya in the following ways: 1. supporting countries in the confirmation of outbreaks through its collaborating network of laboratories; 2. providing technical support and guidance to countri...
Chikungunya virus is spread to people by the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms can include fever, joint pain, headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, and rash. There are no medicines to treat chikungunya virus disease (chikungunya). Vaccination is recommended for some travelers.
Nov 23, 2023 · How is it spread? People get chikungunya when bitten by a mosquito infected with the virus. Chikungunya is not spread from person to person. But mosquitoes pick up the virus when biting an infected person. If you have the infection, avoid getting new mosquito bites to keep the virus from spreading to others. And avoid travel too.
Chikungunya spreads wherever Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are present. It is a virus transmitted between humans primarily by this mosquito, which is commonly found around homes and urban areas.
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Nov 14, 2022 · The chikungunya virus is spread by the yellow fever mosquito and the Asian tiger mosquito, which are in the Southeastern U.S., and parts of the Southwestern U.S.
