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Caucasian, Ethiopian, American, Mongolian, and Malay
- Frequently called the father of physical anthropology, Blumenbach proposed one of the earliest classifications of the races of mankind. He divided humanity into five races: Caucasian, Ethiopian, American, Mongolian, and Malay.
scihi.org › johann-friedrich-blumenbach-human-raceJohann Friedrich Blumenbach and the Human Races | SciHi Blog
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While Blumenbach incorporated basic differences in skin pigmentation and hair color in his study, he also relied heavily on facial features, shape of teeth, and skull morphology to identify five human races consisting of Caucasian, Malaysian, Ethiopian, American, and Mongolian.
He was one of the first to explore the study of the human being as an aspect of natural history. His teachings in comparative anatomy were applied to his classification of human races, of which he claimed there were five, Caucasian, Mongolian, Malayan, Ethiopian, and American.
Blumenbach was one of the first to study humankind as part of natural history in a quantitative fashion, rendering him one of the founders of anthropology. Blumenbach explored the biodiversity of humans mainly by comparing skull anatomy and skin color.
May 9, 2024 · Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (born May 11, 1752, Gotha, Ger.—died Jan. 22, 1840, Göttingen) was a German anthropologist, physiologist, and comparative anatomist, frequently called the father of physical anthropology, who proposed one of the earliest classifications of the races of mankind.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Created: 1795. Medium: Prints/Drawings. Blumenbach’s Human Varieties. This illustration, from Johann Friedrich Blumenbach’s 1795 De Generis Humani Varietate Nativa, shows Blumenbach’s categorization of humans in to five different varieties: Oriental, American Indian, Caucasian, Malay, and Ethiopian.
Expanding on the work of Carolus Linnaeus, German professor of medicine Johann Friedrich Blumenbach introduced one of the race-based classifications in On the Natural Variety of Mankind. In the second edition Blumenbach changed his original geographically based four-race arrangement to a five-group one that emphasized physical morphology (the ...
In his Crania Americana (1839), he was the first to label Blumenbach’s five varieties as “races,” although he used the same identifying adjectives that were in Blumenbach’s scheme. He preferred “race,” rather than “variety,” because it left open the possibility that the various groups might eventually be shown to be fully different species.
