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Nov 23, 2023 · Chikungunya (chik-un-GUN-yuh) fever is an illness caused by a virus spread by mosquitoes. The name means "bends you up" or "stooped walk" because the infection causes severe joint and muscle pain. Other symptoms include sudden high fever, headache, fatigue, rash, nausea and red eyes. Symptoms of chikungunya often appear within 2 to 7 days after ...
May 15, 2024 · The most common symptoms of chikungunya are fever and joint pain. Other symptoms can include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash. There are currently no medicines to treat chikungunya. The best way to prevent chikungunya is to protect yourself from mosquito bites. Vaccination is recommended for some travelers.
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- Overview
- Distribution and Outbreaks
- Transmission
- Symptoms
- Diagnostics
- Treatment and Vaccines
- Prevention and Control
- Who Response
Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an RNA virus in the alphavirus genus of the family Togaviridae. The name chikungunya derives from a word in the Kimakonde language, meaning “to become contorted”.
CHIKV was first identified in the United Republic of Tanzania in 1952 and subsequently in other countries Africa and Asia (1). Urban outbreaks were first recorded in Thailand in 1967 and in India in the 1970s (2). Since 2004, outbreaks of CHIKV have become more frequent and widespread, caused partly due to viral adaptations allowing the virus to be...
Chikungunya virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, most commonly Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, which can also transmit dengue and Zika viruses. These mosquitoes bite primarily during daylight hours. They lay eggs in containers with standing water. Both species feed outdoors, and Ae. aegyptialso feeds indoors. When an unin...
In symptomatic patients, CHIKV disease onset is typically 4–8 days (range 2–12 days) after the bite of an infected mosquito. It is characterized by an abrupt onset of fever, frequently accompanied by severe joint pain. The joint pain is often debilitating and usually lasts for a few days but may be prolonged, lasting for weeks, months or even years...
Chikungunya virus may be detected directly in blood samples collected during the first week of illness using tests such as reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Other tests can detect a person’s immune response to chikungunya virus infection. These are typically used after the first week of infection to test for antibodies to th...
The clinical management includes addressing fever and joint pain with anti-pyretics and optimal analgesics, drinking plenty of fluids and general rest. There is no specific antiviral drug treatment for CHIKV infections. Paracetamol or acetaminophen are recommended for pain relief and reducing fever until dengue infections are ruled out, as non-ster...
Prevention of infection by avoiding mosquito bites is the best protection. Patients suspected of having CHIKV infection should avoid getting mosquito bites during the first week of illness to prevent further transmission to mosquitoes, who may in turn infect other people. The main method to reduce transmission of CHIKV is through control of the mos...
WHO supports countries to conduct surveillance and control of arboviruses through the implementation of the Global Arbovirus Initiative. WHO responds to chikungunya in the following ways: 1. supporting countries in the confirmation of outbreaks through its collaborating network of laboratories; 2. providing technical support and guidance to countri...
May 6, 2024 · What are the symptoms of chikungunya? Symptoms of chikungunya usually develop between three and seven days after an infected mosquito bites you, although some people have symptoms as early as two days or as long as 12 days after a mosquito bite. Fever and joint pain are the most common symptoms of chikungunya virus. The intensity of symptoms ...
May 15, 2024 · The disease is most often characterized by acute onset of fever (typically >39°C [102°F]) and polyarthralgia. Joint symptoms are usually bilateral and symmetric and can be severe and debilitating. Other symptoms can include headache, myalgia, arthritis, conjunctivitis, nausea/vomiting, or maculopapular rash.
May 15, 2024 · Key points. Chikungunya virus disease (chikungunya) is caused by a virus primarily spread to people through the bite of infected mosquitoes. If infected, people can spread the virus to mosquitoes and rarely to other people. The risk of a person spreading the virus is highest during the first week of illness. Primary cause.
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS. To date, few observational studies have detailed the clinical features of chikungunya in children. However, the ones that do highlight the fact that children may have a different clinical presentation than adults ( Table 1 ).
