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Spirituals (also known as Negro spirituals, African American spirituals, Black spirituals, or spiritual music) is a genre of Christian music that is associated with African Americans, which merged varied African cultural influences with the experiences of being held in bondage in slavery, at first during the transatlantic slave trade and for ...
Robert Anthony Plant CBE (born 20 August 1948) is an English singer and songwriter. He was the lead singer and lyricist of the rock band Led Zeppelin from its founding in 1968 until their breakup in 1980; since then he has had a successful solo career, sometimes collaborating with other artists such as Alison Krauss.
See media help. " Gospel Plow " (also known as " Hold On " and " Keep Your Hand on the Plow ") is a traditional African American spiritual. It is listed in the Roud Folk Song Index, number 10075. The title is biblical, based on Luke 9:62.
- Summary
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- Musical style
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A spiritual is a type of religious folksong that is most closely associated with the enslavement of African people in the American South. The songs proliferated in the last few decades of the eighteenth century leading up to the abolishment of legalized slavery in the 1860s. The African American spiritual (also called the Negro Spiritual) constitut...
Famous spirituals include \"Swing low, sweet chariot,\" composed by a Wallis Willis, and \"Deep down in my heart.\" The term \"spiritual\" is derived from the King James Bible translation of Ephesians 5:19: \"Speaking to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody in your heart to the Lord.\" The form has its roots...
Spirituals are typically sung in a call and response form, with a leader improvising a line of text and a chorus of singers providing a solid refrain in unison. The vocal style abounded in freeform slides, turns and rhythms that were challenging for early publishers of spirituals to document accurately. Many spirituals, known as \"sorrow songs,\" a...
Spirituals are also sometimes regarded as codified protest songs, with songs such as \"Steal away to Jesus,\" composed by Wallis Willis, being seen by some commentators as incitements to escape slavery. Because the Underground Railroad of the mid- nineteenth century used terminology from railroads as a secret language for assisting slaves to freedo...
As Frederick Douglass, a nineteenth century abolitionist author and former slave, wrote in his book My Bondage and My Freedom (1855) of singing spirituals during his years in bondage: \"A keen observer might have detected in our repeated singing of 'O Canaan, sweet Canaan, I am bound for the land of Canaan,' something more than a hope of reaching h...
The publication of collections of spirituals in the 1860s started to arouse a broader interested in spirituals. In the 1870s, the creation of the Jubilee Singers, a chorus consisting of former slaves from Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee, sparked an international interest in the musical form. The group's extensive touring schedule in the Uni...
Many recordings of these rural spirituals, made between 1933 and 1942, are housed in the American Folklife Center collections at the Library of Congress. The collection includes such gems as \"Run old Jeremiah,\" a ring shout from Jennings, Alabama recorded by J. W. Brown and A. Coleman in 1934, which has a train-like accompaniment of stamping feet...
Black spirituals vary from white spirituals in a variety of ways. Differences include the use of microtonally flatted notes, syncopation and counter-rhythms marked by handclapping in black spiritual performances. Black spiritual singing also stands out for the singers' striking vocal timbre that features shouting, exclamations of the word \"Glory!\...
Mar 5, 2021 · In an act of resistance, Black people developed a poetry around death that attempted to assign it meaning outside of commerce and biology. John Antrobus’s “A Plantation Burial” (1860). The ...
- Kaitlyn Greenidge
Sep 17, 2019 · September 17, 2019 12:28 PM|Updated: August 13, 2020 11:28 PM. Negro spirituals have been the backbone of African American resilience dating back centuries, including during the civil rights movement in the 1960s. On a recent Sunday evening, the sound of Negro spirituals echoed through the halls of the music building at Kennesaw State University.
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The songs proliferated in the last few decades of the eighteenth century leading up to the abolishment of legalized slavery in the 1860s. The African American spiritual (also called the Negro Spiritual) constitutes one of the largest and most significant forms of American folksong.
