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Climate change may have positive as well as negative impacts on plant health. For example, increased CO 2 levels may boost photosynthesis rates, which may augment crop growth, and increased temperatures may increase respiration and water loss, and lead to lengthening of growing seasons, especially in northern regions.
- Impacts of Drought on Host Plants
- Changes in Plant Tissues
- Change in Secondary Metabolism and Plant Defence/Resistance Systems
- Drought Impacts on Plant Pathogens
- Environment
- Biophysical Environment
- Trade Environment
There has been considerable research on the effects of drought stress on plant physiology and resistance to disease (Desprez-Loustau et al. 2006). Impacts of drought on hosts can include altering nutritional status, shifts in growth between above and belowground tissues, shift in allocation of resources to tissues, and a predisposition of hosts to ...
Drought, in addition to reducing tissue moisture content, has wide-ranging effects on plant physiology (Hsiao 1973). These include changes in fundamental metabolic processes associated with formation of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, amino-acids, phytohormone levels, secondary-metabolism pathways, and formation of reactive oxygen species (Hsiao 1...
Across several plant species, stress has been shown to induce profound changes in plant gene expression thereby resulting in altered plant chemistry (de Vos et al. 2005; Zhang et al. 2014; Sampaio et al. 2016). As altered plant metabolic systems are numerous, effects are extensively expressed across the host’s wider physiology. Given this, these ha...
The ecological niches for all organisms are bounded to ranges in temperature, nutrient requirements, pH, moisture availability, and other factors (Barton and Northup 2011). Water availability, as affected by drought, will therefore directly affect the environmental ranges of microbial and invertebrate taxa, particularly in soil ecosystems (Ogunseit...
As the frequency and magnitude of drought change in New Zealand, and intensity among regions and agroecological zones varies, the conditions suiting the establishment of new pests and diseases, or the change in range of ones already present, will manifest. Along with gradual change in wider environmental conditions favourable to the range of the pa...
Changes in the wider biophysical environment will strongly affect pathogen fitness, with potentially different impacts across the various parts of the life cycle and across of pathogens (i.e. from seed borne to soil inhabiting). Given the immediate impacts of drought on a wide range of edaphic properties, including soil moisture, the strongest infl...
As many biogeographical constraints to pathogen dispersal are removed, pre- and post-border biosecurity measures have become critically important in reducing pathogen distribution. Regardless of this, new incursions of pests and diseases into New Zealand’s productive ecosystems continue (Goldson et al. 2015). Increasing travel and movement of mater...
- Steven A Wakelin, Steven A Wakelin, Mireia Gomez-Gallego, Mireia Gomez-Gallego, Eirian Jones, Simeon...
- 2018
Oct 15, 2020 · In 2019, the New Zealand Medical Association declared climate change to be a health emergency. This recognised the threats to health from higher temperatures and extreme weather, changing patterns of disease and potential social impacts.
indirect health impacts of climate change (harmful algal blooms, microbial contamination, food availability, quality and safety, mental health and well-being, outdoor air quality, carriers of new diseases, migration of tropical species into New Zealand. potential health benefits from mitigating climate change effects.
Introduction. 1.1 Climate change. 1.2 The impact of climate change on health. Direct Effects. 2.1 Direct effects of temperature extremes. 2.2 Direct effects of heavy rainfall. Indirect Effects. 3.1 Stratospheric ozone depletion. 3.2 Vector-borne diseases. 3.3 Floods, droughts and water supplies. 3.4 Effects on regional stability. Responses.
May 2, 2023 · 53k Accesses. 123 Citations. 250 Altmetric. Metrics. Abstract. Plant disease outbreaks pose significant risks to global food security and environmental sustainability worldwide, and result in the...
Potential benefits of climate change include: Crops such as Pinus radiata growing faster and being able to move into new areas Improved plant growth because of rising temperatures and CO2 levels The introduction of new crops and related industries. But there are risks too.
