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Modify: 2024-05-25. Description. At room temperature, sodium hydroxide is a white crystalline odorless solid that absorbs moisture from the air. It is a manufactured substance. When dissolved in water or neutralized with acid it liberates substantial heat, which may be sufficient to ignite combustible materials.
Sodium hydroxide causes severe irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membrane; pneumonitis; eye and skin burns; and temporary loss of hair. The substance is very corrosive to the eyes, the skin, and the respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation of an aerosol of the substance may cause lung edema. Inhalation may result in a burning ...
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Sodium hydroxide is widely used in the manufacture of soaps, paper, rayon, cellophane, mercerized cotton, aluminum, and many chemicals. It is also used in petroleum refining, degreasing, etching, zinc extraction, tin plating, oxide coating, and food processing (for peeling fruits and vegetables). In concentrated form, it is used as a drain cleaner. Sodium hydroxide has been used in the ...
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- Skin and Eye Irritation. Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali, and it is highly caustic. If it comes into contact with the skin or eyes, it can react with natural oils and moisture, causing significant irritation or severe burns.
- Chemical Burns. Sodium hydroxide can react with the skin and cause chemical burns. These burns can range from mild irritation to severe tissue damage, depending on the concentration and duration of exposure.
- Inhalation Hazards. When sodium hydroxide is in a solid state, it can generate dust. In solution, it can create aerosols, both of which can cause damage to the respiratory tract if inhaled.
- Ingestion Hazards. Ingestion of sodium hydroxide can cause serious harm, leading to mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract burns. Preventive measures include storing sodium hydroxide in clearly labeled containers to avoid confusion and strictly maintaining a policy of no food, drink, or smoking in areas where chemicals are used.
Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) is a by-product of chlorine production (see Sect. 2.1(g) ). It ranks third in tonnage production and is widely used in such processes as soap and detergent production, rubber reclaiming, petroleum manufacturing, rayon manufacture, and in the pulp and paper industry, and in many other applications.
Sodium Hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide (also termed lye, caustic soda, and sodium hydrate) is a white solid that dissolves in water to produce a strongly alkaline solution. Both the solid and liquid forms can cause severe injury to all tissues. It is most commonly found in the home as drain and oven cleaners in concentrations between 0.5% and 54%.
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Apr 20, 2023 · Table 15.3.1 15.3. 1: Common Bases and Their Uses. sodium hydroxide, NaOH. lye or caustic soda. Used in the manufacture of soaps and detergents, and as the main ingredient in oven and drain cleaners. potassium hydroxide, KOH. lye or caustic potash. Used in the production of liquid soaps and soft soaps.
