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Federal and semifederal states. Classifying a particular state as federal or unitary is usually straightforward, though in some cases it can be more difficult. The United States and Switzerland are clearly federal states; all of the above-mentioned characteristics of the federal state are present in their constitutional systems.
Finally, subnational governments are always represented in the upper house of the national legislature, enabling regional interests to influence national lawmaking. 6 In the American federal system, the U.S. Senate functions as a territorial body by representing the fifty states: Each state elects two senators to ensure equal representation ...
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3.9: Federal, Confederate, and Unitary Government. Figure 3.9.1: Political scientists have identified three types of governments. When governments are formed over large geographic areas or nations, it often becomes necessary to create smaller regional governments (states) as well.
Within a federal system the state or provincial governments share sovereignty with the central government and have final jurisdiction over a broad range of policy areas. Federal and unitary systems are ideal types, representing the endpoints of a continuum. Most countries fall somewhere in between the two extremes—states can be more or less ...
federalism. Political system that organizes government into two or more levels with independent powers; in the United States this consists of local, state, and national governments. federal revenue sharing. The practice of sharing federal income tax revenue with state and local governments. mandate.
Intro.7.3 Federalism and the Constitution. Another basic concept embodied in the Constitution is federalism, which refers to the division and sharing of power between the national and state governments. 1. By allocating power among state and federal governments, the Framers sought to establish a unified national government of limited powers ...
Key points. Federalism describes the system of shared governance between national and state governments. The states and the federal government have both exclusive and concurrent powers, which help to explain the negotiation over the balance of power between them. The federal government can encourage the adoption of policies at the state-level ...
