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Women in Hinduism. Hindu texts present diverse views on the position of women, ranging from feminine leadership as the highest goddess, to limiting gender roles.
Jan 27, 2011 · This article attempts to map scholarly resources on the status, roles, and representations of women in Hinduism. The history of women’s sociocultural location in Hindu traditions from early Vedic times (1200–800 BCE) until the early 21st century is marked by several shifts.
- Introduction
- Location and Homeland
- Language
- Religion
- Rites of Passage
- Interpersonal Relations
- Living Conditions
- Family Life
- Clothing
- Food
The Hanuno'o are the best known of the various groups called "Mangyan" living in the interior of the island of Mindoro. To an even greater extent than other such outsider-given names, "Mangyan" covers a wide range of meanings. In the Tagalog, Bikol, and Visayan languages of the central Philippines, the term combines the ideas of "savage," "mountain...
The Hanuno'o live inland from the southernmost tip of Mindoro. In the 1970s, the Hanuno'o numbered 6,000 out of a total of 20-30,000 Mangyan, already a minority on an island inhabited by 300,000 Tagalog and Visayan settlers. One 2000 estimate numbers the Hanuno'o 13,000. According to the 2000 census, 7,702 identified themselves as Hanuno'o in Orien...
The Mangyan groups speak mutually unintelligible languages. The Hanuno'o language is similar to the Visayan tongues of the central Philippines. Along with the neighboring Buhid and the Tagbanua of central Palawan (seeTagbanua), they still use the script, ultimately of Indian origin, that was employed by the Tagalogs and other Filipino peoples at th...
The Hanuno'o recognize certain named deities of creation, but these play only a minor role in everyday life. Ordinarily more significant to them are nature spirits living in mountains, rocks, the forest, etc., who all can be transformed into labang, evil spirits who can attack a person's soul, causing illness or death. Benign spirits (such as ances...
Hanuno'o marry by mutual agreement of the two partners' families; the man must provide some form of bride-service to his in-laws. In contrast to non-Mangyan groups, there is no bride-price, formal ceremony, or exchange of goods between the sides. Elopement is an alternative. For a year after death, the right soul remains in the underworld, neither ...
The Hanuno'o live in autonomous, named settlements largely corresponding to a kin-group. Society is egalitarian with some prestige accorded to age and special skills, such as weaving, smithing, spirit mediation. Individuals and families possess wealth in the form of ritual glass beads, bronze gongs, porcelain jars, and cattle, but accumulated prope...
Villages are semipermanent, traditionally autonomous, and consist of five to six single-family houses (50-60 persons maximum). They are generally built on valley slopes or hill spurs overlooking a water source. The sites are identified by a geographical landmark, and the settlement itself by the name of its eldest resident. Settlements within an ho...
A family consists of a man, his wife or wives, and their unmarried offspring. This may be extended to form a local family group with married daughters, and their families usually live in adjacent houses. Such a group always respects its oldest male member. A single family may move away from the settlement but will always set up its residence near t...
Hanuno'o are noted for long hair, men as well as women. They weave and dye (indigo) their own clothing, which consists of short shirts and short sarongs.
Rice is the food of prestige and ritual importance, but half of all calories in the Hanuno'o diet comes from bananas and tubers (sweet potatoes, yams, and taro). Most animal protein comes from fishing, less from game or livestock.
Apr 4, 2012 · The seemingly irreconcilable differences between religion and science in western thought is bewildering to many Hindus. Behind her bindi, Dr. Shiva, like many Hindu women, has a keen, scientific mind: her background is in physics and the philosophy of science. In the dark ages of the 1990s, before most of us had heard the word "sustainable," Dr ...
The Hindu tradition also considers women the vessels of shakti. This identification with shakti acknowledges women as the vessels of both creative and destructive power. Like many modern cultures, Hindu culture has a hard time reconciling the biological compulsion of these two powerful forces.
Women’s rights and inclusion. The. Vedas. hold women in high esteem and address them as dharma Patni (one who promotes and preserves the rightful conduct of life). Traditionally in Hinduism, a...
Mar 21, 2012 · Mandakranta Bose’s Women in the Hindu Tradition: Rules, Roles, and Exceptions offers a fresh examination of the idea and roles of the feminine—both divine and mortal, actual and idealised—in the Hindu tradition. Bose identifies points of continuity and contradiction in hegemonic Hindu discourse on gender as she examines and brings into ...
- Jessica Vantine Birkenholtz
- 2012
