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The Thirty Years' War [j] was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, or disease, while parts of present-day Germany reported population declines of over 50%. [19]
May 9, 2024 · Thirty Years’ War, (1618–48), in European history, a series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of Europe, and, when it ended with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the map of Europe had been ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- When did the Thirty Years' War begin?Though the struggles of the Thirty Years War erupted some years earlier, the war is conventionally held to have begun in 1618, when the future Holy...
- What was the Thirty Years’ War?The Thirty Years’ War was a series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercia...
- Who was the Holy Roman Emperor during the first half of the Thirty Years' War?Ferdinand II, the Holy Roman emperor (1619–37) and the king of Bohemia, was the leading champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and abso...
- What treaty ended the Thirty Years' War?The Thirty Years' War ended with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, which changed the map of Europe irrevocably. The peace was negotiated, from 1644...
- What led to the end of Denmark as a European power?Near the beginning of the Thirty Years' War in 1625, King Christian IV of Denmark saw an opportunity to gain valuable territory in Germany to balan...
The Thirty Years’ War. The crisis in Germany. Europe after the Thirty Years' War, 1648. The war originated with dual crises at the continent’s centre: one in the Rhineland and the other in Bohemia, both part of the Holy Roman Empire. “The dear old Holy Roman Empire, How does it stay together?”
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, and disease, while some areas of what is now modern Germany experienced population declines of ...
The Thirty Years' War was fought between 1618 and 1648, principally on the territory of today's Germany, and involved most of the major European continental powers.
The Thirty Years' War was fought from 1618 to 1648. It was fought primarily in Germany , but several other countries became involved in the conflict, including France , Spain , and Sweden . In fact, almost all of the powerful countries in Europe were involved in the war, which began as a fight about religion between Protestants and Catholics .
The causes of the Thirty Years' War were complex and lay in the long stalemate that had developed between Protestant and Catholic forces in the Holy Roman Empire following the Peace of Augsburg in 1555. At that time both Lutherans and Catholics had drawn a truce that upheld the legality of Lutheran teaching in the empire, so long as evangelical ...
