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Nov 2, 2022 · Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) includes involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, lymph nodes, and/or solid organs [ 1-4 ]. Abdominal TB comprises around 5 percent of all cases of TB worldwide [ 5 ]. Issues related to TB involving the intestinal tract, peritoneum, and liver will be reviewed here; issues related to clinical ...
May 1, 2023 · Gastrointestinal (GI) tuberculosis (TB) accounts for 1% to 3 % of all TB cases worldwide.[1][2] It can occur in the context of active pulmonary disease or as a primary infection without pulmonary involvement. The ileocecal region is the most commonly affected site; however, it can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).[3][4] Diagnosis is challenging and is often delayed due to ...
- Raja Chandra Chakinala, Akshay M. Khatri
- 2023/05/01
Oct 10, 2014 · The most common site of the gastrointestinal TB is ileocecal location (ileocecal TB), followed by jejunum and colon. The esophagus, stomach and duodenum are rarely involved. Esophageal TB: The esophageal involvement is extremely rare in immunocompetent patients and account for only 0.2%-1% of gastrointestinal TB[ 20 , 21 ], but it is more ...
- Uma Debi, Vasudevan Ravisankar, Kaushal Kishor Prasad, Saroj Kant Sinha, Arun Kumar Sharma
- 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14831
- 2014
- 2014/10/10
- Overview
- Gastrointestinal tuberculosis causes
- Gastrointestinal tuberculosis symptoms
- Who gets gastrointestinal tuberculosis?
- Complications of gastrointestinal tuberculosis
- Diagnosing gastrointestinal tuberculosis
- Is gastrointestinal TB curable?
- Treating gastrointestinal tuberculosis
- Can you prevent gastrointestinal tuberculosis?
- When to contact a doctor
Gastrointestinal tuberculosis is an uncommon form of tuberculosis infection that usually occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis affects your gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This infection typically causes symptoms affecting the lungs and spreads through respiratory fluid when a person who has it:
•coughs
•speaks
•sings
•sneezes
Gastrointestinal tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, usually after coming in contact with the respiratory fluids of a person who has it. This bacterium can travel from your lungs to your GI tract through your blood and lymph systems or via your swallowing infected phlegm.
Less commonly, gastrointestinal tuberculosis can develop from the ingestion of milk products infected with Mycobacterium bovis, a similar bacterium that can affect cows.
Gastrointestinal tuberculosis can affect various parts of your GI tract, including your:
•esophagus, in rare cases
•stomach
•small intestines
Gastrointestinal tuberculosis can cause symptoms that mimic those of many other GI conditions like Crohn’s disease or cancer.
The most common part of the GI tract affected is the end of your small intestines. In a 2023 autopsy study, 96% of more than 4,500 people with gastrointestinal tuberculosis had involvement in this area, with 10% also having involvement in the first part of the large intestines called the cecum.
The most common signs and symptoms include:
•abdominal pain, which is the most common symptom
•weight loss
•fever
Risk factors for tuberculosis include:
•being in close contact with people who have gastrointestinal TB
•immigrating from parts of the world with high rates of tuberculosis
•working or spending time in:
•hospitals
•homeless shelters
Potential complications of gastrointestinal tuberculosis include:
•bleeding in your GI tract
•fistulas, where part of your GI tract becomes connected somewhere it shouldn’t
•bowel obstruction
•stricture
•intussusception
The gold standard test for gastrointestinal tuberculosis is a bacterial culture created using a tissue sample from your intestinal mucosa collected with a long, thin tube called an endoscope.
Other tests for gastrointestinal tuberculosis include:
•imaging tests like X-rays or ultrasound
•colonoscopy
•blood tests to look for:
•high C-reactive protein
Tuberculosis is often curable with antibiotics. Usually, you’ll have to take antibiotics for at least 6 months, according to the U.K.’s National Health Service (NHS).
Antibiotics are the main treatment for gastrointestinal tuberculosis. The primary combination is a four-drug mixture consisting of:
•isoniazid
•rifampicin
•pyrazinamide
•ethambutol
Most guidelines recommend continuing treatment for 6 months.
Ways you can prevent gastrointestinal tuberculosis include:
•treating latent tuberculosis infection if you have gastrointestinal TB but do not have symptoms
•asking your doctor about preventive treatment if you have HIV
•avoiding prolonged contact with people with tuberculosis, especially in crowded and enclosed environments like prisons or hospitals
•eating nutritious foods like fruits and vegetables and staying physically active to support your immune system
•taking extra care to avoid respiratory illnesses, which includes frequently washing your hands and wearing a mask when traveling to countries with high rates of tuberculosis
It’s important to contact a doctor if you’ve been in an environment that increases your risk of developing tuberculosis and you develop potential lung or GI symptoms like:
•abdominal pain
•diarrhea
•abdominal swelling
•a persistent cough
•fever
- Daniel Yetman
Nov 30, 2023 · Gastrointestinal TB accounts for between 1-3% of all TB cases worldwide. It can cause symptoms abdominal pain and diarrhea, among others. Learn more.
Jun 30, 2021 · In a meta-analysis of TB in liver-transplanted patients, abdominal TB was the most common site accounting for 35% of all EXPTB cases; similarly, in a multicenter study on TB in renal transplant recipients, abdominal TB was the leading location, comprising 30% of all EXPTB sites.[22,23] LTB plays an important role in SOT patients.
- Adnan B Al-Zanbagi, M K Shariff
- 10.4103/sjg.sjg_148_21
- 2021
- Sep-Oct 2021
People also ask
What is the most common site of gastrointestinal TB?
Where does tuberculosis occur?
What is gastrointestinal tuberculosis?
Gastrointestinal (GI) tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant problem worldwide, and may involve the luminal GI tract from oral cavity to perianal area in addition to associated viscera and peritoneum. Although GI TB more commonly affects immunocompromised hosts, it can also occur in immunocompetent people. Diagnosis is difficult because it usually mimics a malignancy or inflammatory bowel ...
