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  2. Learn about community-oriented policing (COP) and problem-oriented policing (POP), two proactive strategies to address local crime and disorder. See definitions, theoretical foundations, examples, and outcome evidence for each approach.

    • Overview
    • Diagnosing Problems
    • Different Types of Solutions For Crime Problems

    Problem-oriented policing (POP) means diagnosing and solving problems that are increasing crime risks, usually in areas that are seeing comparatively high levels of crime (e.g., “hot spots”). POP is challenging in that agencies need to diagnose and solve what could be any of a wide range of crime-causing problems. Fortunately, there are some establ...

    To Diagnose Problems, Talk to the Local Community

    Getting information from community members about crimes, potential perpetrators, and environmental problems that increase crime risk — and acting on that information — is strongly associated with having greater crime reductions in our analyses. Here are some examples of ways to do this: 1. While out in the field, ask residents about any crime and disorder problems they see, as well as information they might have on perpetrators of prior crimes. 2. Officers can provide residents and property o...

    Follow a Step-by-Step Process for Diagnosing Problems and Developing Solutions

    This process emphasizes understanding problems and their causes, developing and testing solutions, and learning from the experience. This process is drawn from Shiba and Walden (2002), which notes three kinds of “resources” agencies need to supply for successful problem-solving efforts: skill-building, analysis, and implementation support. The checklists that follow address each resource.

    The following are tips on common types of POP interventions. These should be thought of as tools in a larger toolkit. Much as one would not use a hammer when a screwdriver is needed, one would not try to choose crime-reducing solutions without determining what the crime-generating problems are and what the surrounding situation is. Generating this ...

  3. The concept of problem-oriented policing can be illustrated by an example. Suppose police find themselves responding several times a day to calls about drug dealing and vandalism in a neighborhood park.

  4. This guidebook deals with the process of identifying and defining policing problems. Under the most widely adopted police problem-solving modelthe SARA (Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment) model—the process of identifying and defining policing problems is referred to as the Scanning phase.

  5. Problem-oriented policing (POP) is perhaps the most aptly named policing strategy—it means resolving problems that are increasing crime risks, typically in areas that are seeing comparatively high levels of crime (e.g., “hot spots”). What types of problems are solved and the strategies for solving them vary widely, depending on the situation.

  6. Problem-oriented policing is an approach to policing in which discrete pieces of police business (each consisting of a cluster of similar incidents, whether crime or acts of disorder, that the police are expected to handle) are subject to microscopic examination (drawing on the especially honed skills of crime analysts and the accumulated ...

  7. Problem-oriented policing is an analytic method for developing crime reduction tactics. This strategy draws upon theories of criminal opportunity, such as rational choice and routine activities, to analyze crime problems and develop appropriate responses (Braga, 2008; Clarke, 1997; Reisig, 2010).

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