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Josip Broz ( Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Јосип Броз, pronounced [jǒsip brôːz] ⓘ; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980), commonly known as Tito ( / ˈtiːtoʊ /; [1] Тито, pronounced [tîto] ), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and politician who served in various positions of national leadership from 1943 until his death in 1980. [2]
- Overview
- Early life
- Communist organizer
Josip Broz was born to a large peasant family in Kumrovec, northwest of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, of a Croat father and a Slovene mother.
What was Josip Broz Tito’s first job?
Before his career as a statesman, Josip Broz Tito worked as a locksmith and as an itinerant metalworker in various Austro-Hungarian and German centres. He also worked as a mill mechanic.
How did Josip Broz Tito come to power?
From 1920 Josip Broz Tito was an organizer with the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (CPY). Tito survived Joseph Stalin’s purges to become secretary-general of the CPY in 1939. Following the Soviet seizure of Yugoslavia, with the help of Tito’s Partisans, from its Axis occupiers, Tito consolidated his control over Yugoslavia, becoming its premier in 1945.
Why was Josip Broz Tito significant?
Josip Broz was born to a large peasant family in Kumrovec, northwest of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, of a Croat father and a Slovene mother. He was apprenticed to a locksmith in 1907 and completed his training in 1910, when he joined the Social Democratic Party of Croatia-Slavonia at Zagreb. After working as an itinerant metalworker in various A...
Broz’s career as a communist militant was cut short in December 1920 by a state ban against communist activities. He lost his job in a Zagreb locksmith shop and moved to a nearby village, where he worked as a mill mechanic until 1923. Having revived his links with the underground CPY, he served as a local and regional party functionary and trade union organizer in Croatia and Serbia until 1927, when he joined the CPY committee for Zagreb, quickly becoming its organizational secretary. He promoted a campaign against party functions (the so-called Zagreb Line), thereby attracting the attention of Moscow. Rewarded by being named the Zagreb committee’s political secretary in April 1928, he led street demonstrations against the authorities following the assassination of Croat deputies in the Belgrade parliament in June 1928. His success at reviving the CPY’s vitality was cut short by arrest in August 1928. The police discovered bombs in Broz’s apartment—a testimony to his adherence to the new insurrectionary line of the Comintern, the Soviet-sponsored organization of international communism. During his trial, which ended with sentencing to a five-year term, Broz defended himself with exceptional courage and gained further credit with the party authorities.
Broz’s prison term coincided with the establishment of the royal Yugoslav dictatorship, which was promulgated by King Alexander I in order to stem the nationalistic movements of disaffected non-Serbs. In an attempt to break the modest influence of the CPY, the government arrested most of the party cadre, sentencing many of its members to terms far harsher than Broz’s. Despite these blows, at the time of Broz’s release in March 1934, the CPY was slowly recuperating under the agile leadership in exile of Milan Gorkić. Gorkić summoned Broz to the CPY’s Vienna headquarters, where he attempted to secure his cooperation by bringing him into the CPY Politburo. It was at this time that Broz assumed the pseudonym Tito, one of many that he used in underground party work. From February 1935 to October 1936, Tito was in the Soviet Union, where he worked in the Comintern apparatus.
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The Soviet army, aided by Tito’s Partisans, liberated Serbia in October 1944, thereby sealing the fate of the Yugoslav dynasty, which had the strongest following in this largest of the Yugoslav lands. There ensued a series of mop-up operations that strengthened Communist control of the whole of Yugoslavia by May 1945.
For the full article, see Josip Broz Tito . Josip Broz Tito, orig. Josip Broz, (born May 7, 1892, Kumrovec, near Zagreb, Croatia, Austria-Hungary—died May 4, 1980, Ljubljana, Yugos.), Yugoslav politician, premier (1945–53), and president (1953–80). Born to a peasant family, he fought in the Austro-Hungarian army in World War I and was ...
Josip Broz Tito. Josip Broz, nicknamed Tito, (May 7, 1892 – May 4, 1980) was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary, World War II Hero, statesman and dictator who was the leader of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, from 1945 until his death in 1980. [1] [2] From 1945 to 1953 he was Prime Minister, and from 1953 to 1980 he was the ...
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