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until her death on 6 December 1952. Married to: Loes van Langen, 22 Oktober 1953. Died: 14 December 1981. ‘I had to help them: they were my friends,’ Victor Kugler said after the war when asked why he had helped the people hiding in the Secret Annex.
In the 4 August 1944 raid of the Secret Annex, helpers Johannes Kleiman and Victor Kugler were also arrested. On 4 August 1944 around 10.30 am, an arrest team raided the building on Prinsengracht. [1]
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Oct 4, 1999 · The helpers were remarkable people who had been leading ordinary lives: Johannes Kleiman, Victor Kugler and Jan Gies, who helped Mr. Frank "aryanize" (remove Frank's name and ownership...
In the 4 August 1944 raid of the Secret Annex, helpers Johannes Kleiman and Victor Kugler were also arrested. Event Kugler and Kleiman in Detention Centre II (Amstelveenscheweg)
After the people in hiding and helpers Johannes Kleiman and Victor Kugler were arrested on 4 August 1944, they were taken to the Zentralstelle on Adama van Scheltemaplein for interrogation.
With the arrest of helpers Victor Kugler and Jo Kleiman, the management of Gies & Co and Opekta was gone. The three other helpers, Miep and Jan Gies and Bep Voskuijl, remained free and continued the businesses.
After their arrest, helpers Johannes Kleiman and Victor Kugler were held prisoner in Amsterdam from 4 August to 11 September. They stayed in adjacent cells. Then, they were taken to the Amersfoort prison camp.
