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Alcatraz Island ( / ˈælkəˌtræz /) is a small island 1.25 miles (2.01 km) offshore from San Francisco, California, United States. [1] The island was developed in the mid-19th century with facilities for a lighthouse, a military fortification, and a military prison. In 1934, the island was converted into a federal prison, Alcatraz Federal ...
In 1907 the island was designated the Pacific Branch of the United States Military Prison, and the modern prison building was completed four years later. In 1933 the U.S. Army transferred control of the prison to the civilian Department of Justice , and, from 1934 to 1963, Alcatraz served as a federal prison for some of the most dangerous ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
3 days ago · Although no effort has been made to repair the structures on the island—most have suffered general decay and weathering, and the historic lighthouse and four other buildings burned in 1970 (the lighthouse survived, but the other buildings were largely destroyed)—Alcatraz Island is now open to the public and is a popular tourist destination.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
It is the tallest building on the island, at a height of 94 feet (29 m) with a volume of 250,000 US gallons (950 kL) gallons of fresh water. It was used to store potable water for drinking, water for firefighting, and water for the island's service laundry facility.
Next to it is the prison’s main cell house, which is the largest building on the island. It was the fort’s citadel until that structure’s upper two floors were torn down to build the cell house.
Nov 30, 2022 · Completed in 1912 with 600 single cells, each with toilet and electricity, the Cellhouse was the largest reinforced concrete building in the world. In 1915 Alcatraz was changed from a military prison to "Pacific Branch, U.S. Disciplinary Barracks."
Aug 30, 2023 · Learn how the National Park Service preserves and rehabilitates the island's buildings and structures for future generations.
